Taxonomy
The genus Orconectes was erected in 1872 by Edward Drinker Cope to house Astacus pellucidus (now Orconectes pellucidus) and his new species, Orconectes inermis.
Approximately 85 species are known, divided into 11 subgenera.
| Scientic name | Common name | Red List status | Distribution | Authority | Year | Subgenus |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| O. acares | redspotted stream crayfish | 1 ! | Arkansas | Fitzpatrick | 1965 | Procericambarus |
| O. alabamensis | Alabama crayfish | 1 ! | Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1884 | Trisellescens |
| O. australis | cave crayfish | 1 ! | Alabama, Tennessee | Rhoades !(Rhoades) | 1941 | Orconectes |
| O. barrenensis | Barren River crayfish | 1 ! | Kentucky, Tennessee | Rhoades | 1944 | Procericambarus |
| O. barri | Cumberland Plateau crayfish | 8 ! | Kentucky, Tennessee | Buhay & Crandall | 2008 | Orconectes |
| O. bisectus | Crittenden crayfish | 3 ! | Kentucky | Rhoades | 1944 | Crockerinus |
| O. burri | Blood River crayfish | 2 ! | Kentucky, Tennessee | Taylor & Sabaj | 1998 | Crockerinus |
| O. carolinensis | North Carolina spiny crayfish | 1 ! | North Carolina | Cooper & Cooper | 1995 | Procericambarus |
| O. causeyi | western plains crayfish | 1 ! | Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas | Jester | 1967 | Gremicambarus |
| O. chickasawae | Chickasaw crayfish | 1 ! | Mississippi | Cooper & Hobbs | 1980 | Trisellescens |
| O. compressus | slender crayfish | 1 ! | Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, Tennessee | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1884 | Gremicambarus |
| O. cooperi | Flint River crayfish | 1 ! | Alabama, Tennessee | Cooper & Hobbs | 1980 | Trisellescens |
| O. cristavarius | spiny stream crayfish | 1 ! | Kentucky, North Carolina, Virginia | Taylor | 2000 | Procericambarus |
| O. deanae | conchas crayfish | 1 ! | New Mexico, Oklahoma | Reimer & Jester | 1975 | Hespericambarus |
| O. difficilis | painted crayfish | 1 ! | Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1898 | Hespericambarus |
| O. durelli | saddle crayfish | 1 ! | Kentucky, Tennessee | Bouchard & Bouchard | 1995 | Procericambarus |
| O. erichsonianus | reticulate crayfish | 1 ! | Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Virginia | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1898 | Crockerinus |
| O. etnieri | Ets crayfish | 1 ! | Mississippi, Tennessee | Bouchard & Bouchard | 1976 | Trisellescens |
| O. eupunctus | coldwater crayfish | 3 ! | Arkansas, Missouri | Williams | 1952 | Crockerinus |
| O. forceps | surgeon crayfish | 1 ! | Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Virginia | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1884 | Procericambarus |
| O. harrisonii | belted crayfish | 1 ! | Missouri | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1884 | Billecambarus |
| O. hartfieldi | Yazoo crayfish | 3 ! | Mississippi | Fitzpatrick & Suttkus | 1992 | Hespericambarus |
| O. hathawayi | Teche pointed crayfish | 1 ! | Louisiana | Penn | 1952 | Hespericambarus |
| O. hobbsi | Pontchartrain painted crayfish | 8 ! | Louisiana, Mississippi | Penn | 1950 | Buannulifictus |
| O. holti | bimaculate crayfish | 8 ! | Alabama | Cooper & Hobbs | 1980 | Trisellescens |
| O. hylas | woodland crayfish | 1 ! | Missouri | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1890 | Procericambarus |
| O. illinoiensis | Shawnee crayfish | 1 ! | Illinois | Brown | 1956 | Crockerinus |
| O. immunis | calico crayfish | 1 ! | Canada, United States, introduced to Germany | Hagen !(Hagen) | 1870 | Trisellescens |
| O. incomptus | Tennessee cave crayfish | 3 ! | Tennessee | Hobbs & Barr | 1972 | Orconectes |
| O. indianensis | Indiana crayfish | 1 ! | Illinois, Indiana | Hay !(Hay) | 1896 | Faxonius |
| O. inermis | ghost crayfish / unarmed crayfish | 1 ! | Indiana, Kentucky | Cope | 1872 | Orconectes |
| O. jeffersoni | Louisville crayfish | 4 ! | Kentucky | Rhoades | 1944 | Crockerinus |
| O. jonesi | Sucarnoochee crayfish | 8 ! | Alabama, Mississippi | Fitzpatrick | 1992 | Gremicambarus |
| O. juvenilis | Kentucky River crayfish | 1 ! | Indiana, Kentucky | Hagen !(Hagen) | 1870 | Procericambarus |
| O. kentuckiensis | Kentucky crayfish | 1 ! | Illinois, Kentucky | Rhoades | 1944 | Rhoadesius |
| O. lancifer | shrimp crayfish | 1 ! | Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas | Hagen !(Hagen) | 1870 | Tragulicambarus |
| O. leptogonopodus | Little River Creek crayfish | 1 ! | Arkansas, Oklahoma | Hobbs | 1948 | Procericambarus |
| O. limosus | spinycheek crayfish | 1 ! | Eastern United States, introduced to Western Europe | Rafinesque !(Rafinesque) | 1817 | Faxonius |
| O. longidigitus | longpincered crayfish | 1 ! | Arkansas, Missouri | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1898 | Procericambarus |
| O. luteus | golden crayfish | 1 ! | Arkansas, Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, Wisconsin | Creaser !(Creaser) | 1933 | Procericambarus |
| O. macrus | Neosho midget crayfish | 1 ! | Arkansas, Missouri, Kansas | Williams | 1952 | Procericambarus |
| O. maletae | Kisatchie painted crayfish | 8 ! | Louisiana, Texas | Walls | 1972 | Hespericambarus |
| O. marchandi | Mammoth Spring crayfish | 2 ! | Arkansas, Missouri | Hobbs | 1948 | Crockerinus |
| O. margorectus | Livingston crayfish | 2 ! | Kentucky | Taylor | 2002 | Crockerinus |
| O. medius | saddlebacked crayfish | 1 ! | Missouri | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1884 | Procericambarus |
| O. meeki | Meek's crayfish | 1 ! | Arkansas, Missouri, Oklahoma | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1898 | Buannulifictus |
| O. menae | Mena crayfish | 1 ! | Arkansas, Oklahoma | Creaser !(Creaser) | 1933 | Procericambarus |
| O. mirus | wonderful crayfish | 1 ! | Alabama, Tennessee | Ortmann !(Ortmann) | 1931 | Procericambarus |
| O. mississippiensis | Mississippi crayfish | 8 ! | Mississippi | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1884 | Trisellescens |
| O. nais | water nymph crayfish | 1 ! | Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1885 | Gremicambarus |
| O. nana | midget crayfish | 1 ! | Arkansas, Oklahoma | Williams | 1952 | Procericambarus |
| O. neglectus | ringed crayfish | 1 ! | Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1885 | Procericambarus |
| O. obscurus | Allegheny crayfish | 1 ! | Ontario, Maryland, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia | Hagen !(Hagen) | 1870 | Crockerinus |
| O. ozarkae | Ozark crayfish | 1 ! | Arkansas, Missouri | Williams | 1952 | Procericambarus |
| O. packardi | cave crayfish | 4 ! | Kentucky | Rhoades | 1944 | Orconectes |
| O. pagei | mottled crayfish | 1 ! | Tennessee | Taylor & Sabaj | 1997 | Orconectes |
| O. palmeri | gray-speckled crayfish | 1 ! | Arkansas, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1884 | Buannulifictus |
| O. pardalotus | leopard crayfish | 4 ! | Illinois | Wetzel, Poly & Fetzner | 2005 | Procericambarus |
| O. pellucidus | Mammoth Cave crayfish | 1 ! | Kentucky, Tennessee | Tellkampf !(Tellkampf) | 1844 | Orconectes |
| O. perfectus | complete crayfish | 1 ! | Alabama, Mississippi | Walls | 1972 | Hespericambarus |
| O. peruncus | Big Creek crayfish | 3 ! | Missouri | Creaser !(Creaser) | 1931 | Procericambarus |
| O. placidus | bigclaw crayfish | 1 ! | Alabama, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee | Hagen !(Hagen) | 1870 | Procericambarus |
| O. propinquus | northern clearwater crayfish | 1 ! | Canada, Eastern United States | Girard !(Girard) | 1852 | Crockerinus |
| O. punctimanus | spothanded crayfish | 1 ! | Arkansas, Missouri | Creaser !(Creaser) | 1933 | Procericambarus |
| O. putnami | phallic crayfish | 1 ! | Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1884 | Procericambarus |
| O. quadruncus | St. Francis River crayfish | 3 ! | Missouri | Creaser !(Creaser) | 1933 | Procericambarus |
| O. quinebaugensis | Quinebaug River crayfish | 8 ! | Massachusetts | Matthews & Warren | 2008 | Gremicambarus |
| O. rafinesquei | Rough River crayfish | 1 ! | Kentucky | Rhoades | 1944 | Crockerinus |
| O. raymondi | Norwood River crayfish | Ohio | Thoma & Stocker | 2009 | Procericambarus | |
| O. rhoadesi | fishhook crayfish | 1 ! | Tennessee | Hobbs | 1949 | Trisellescens |
| O. ronaldi | Mud River crayfish | 1 ! | Kentucky | Taylor | 2000 | Procericambarus |
| O. rusticus | rusty crayfish | 1 ! | Canada, United States | Girard !(Girard) | 1852 | Procericambarus |
| O. sanbornii | Sanborn's crayfish | 1 ! | Kentucky, Ohio, West Virginia | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1884 | Crockerinus |
| O. saxatilis | Kiamichi crayfish | 3 ! | Oklahoma | Bouchard & Bouchard | 1976 | Procericambarus |
| O. sheltae | Shelta cave crayfish | 5 ! | Alabama | Cooper & Cooper | 1997 | Orconectes |
| O. shoupi | Nashville crayfish | 4 ! | Tennessee | Hobbs | 1948 | Crockerinus |
| O. sloanii | Sloan crayfish | 1 ! | Indiana, Ohio | Bundy !(Bundy) | 1876 | Rhoadesius |
| O. spinosus | Coona River spiny crayfish | 1 ! | Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee | Bundy !(Bundy) | 1877 | Procericambarus |
| O. stannardi | Little Wabash crayfish | 1 ! | Illinois | Page | 1985 | Crockerinus |
| O. stygocaneyi | Caney Mountain cave crayfish | 1 ! | Missouri | Hobbs III | 2001 | Orconectes |
| O. taylori | crescent crayfish | 3 ! | Tennessee | Schuster | 2008 | Trisellescens |
| O. theaphionensis | sinkhole crayfish | 8 ! | Indiana | Simon, Timm & Morris | 2005 | Procericambarus |
| O. tricuspis | western highland crayfish | 1 ! | Kentucky | Rhoades | 1944 | Crockerinus |
| O. validus | powerful crayfish | 1 ! | Alabama, Tennessee | Faxon !(Faxon) | 1914 | Trisellescens |
| O. virginiensis | Chowanoke crayfish | 8 ! | North Carolina, Virginia | Hobbs | 1951 | Crockerinus |
| O. virilis | virile crayfish | 1 ! | Canada, United States, introduced to Mexico and Europe | Hagen !(Hagen) | 1870 | Gremicambarus |
| O. williamsi | Williams crayfish | 1 ! | Arkansas, Missouri | Fitzpatrick | 1966 | Procericambarus |
| O. wrighti | Hardin crayfish | 3 ! | Tennessee | Hobbs | 1948 | Faxonius |
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