Standards
Most of the OGC standards depend on a generalized architecture captured in a set of documents collectively called the Abstract Specification, which describes a basic data model for representing geographic features. Atop the Abstract Specification members have developed and continue to develop a growing number of specifications, or standards to serve specific needs for interoperable location and geospatial technology, including GIS.
More information here: http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards
The OGC standards baseline comprises more than 30 standards, including:
- CSW - Catalog Service for the Web: access to catalog information
- GML - Geography Markup Language: XML-format for geographical information
- GeoXACML - Geospatial eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (as of 2009 in the process of standardization)
- KML - Keyhole Markup Language: XML-based language schema for expressing geographic annotation and visualization on existing (or future) Web-based, two-dimensional maps and three-dimensional Earth browsers
- Observations and Measurements
- OGC Reference Model - a complete set of reference models
- OWS - OGC Web Service Common
- SOS - Sensor Observation Service
- SPS - Sensor Planning Service
- SensorML - Sensor Model Language
- SFS - Simple Features - SQL
- Styled Layer Descriptor (SLD)
- WCS - Web Coverage Service: provides access, subsetting, and processing on coverage objects
- WCPS - Web Coverage Processing Service: provides a raster query language for ad-hoc processing and filtering on raster coverages
- WFS - Web Feature Service: for retrieving or altering feature descriptions
- WMS - Web Map Service(WMS): provides map images
- WMTS - Web Map Tile Service: provides map image tiles
- WPS - Web Processing Service: remote processing service
- GeoSPARQL - Geographic SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language: representation and querying of geospatial data for the Semantic Web
The design of standards were originally built on the HTTP web services paradigm for message-based interactions in web-based systems, but meanwhile has been extended with a common approach for SOAP protocol and WSDL bindings. Considerable progress has been made in defining Representational State Transfer (REST) web services.
Read more about this topic: Open Geospatial Consortium
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