Oglala may refer to:
- Oglala Lakota, or Oglala Sioux, a Sioux Nation sub-band of the Western division (Lakota)
- Oglala, South Dakota, a town
- Oglala National Grassland, Nebraska
- Ogallala Aquifer, an aquifer or concentration of groundwater
- USS Oglala (CM-4), a U.S. Navy minelayer sunk in the attack on Pearl Harbor