History
| Rittigau or County of Northeim |
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| State of the Holy Roman Empire | |||||
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| Capital | Northeim | ||||
| Government | Principality | ||||
| Historical era | Middle Ages | ||||
| - | First documentary mention of city |
800 |
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| - | First documentary mention of Rittigau |
982 the 8th century |
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| - | First documentary mention of city as comital seat |
1002 |
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| - | Stem duchy of Bavaria in personal union |
1061–70 |
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| - | Comital line extinct | 1147 | |||
| - | Northeim gained town rights |
1252 |
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| Today part of | Germany | ||||
Northeim is first mentioned in 800 in a document recording a property transfer by a Frankish nobleman to the Abbey of Fulda. In the 10th century the surrounding region became a county, administered by the Counts of Northeim. The first of them, Siegfried is mentioned in 982. From 1061 to 1070 Count Otto II held the stem duchy of Bavaria as an Imperial fief, but lost it again because of his involvement in the Saxon plot against King Henry IV.
The monastery of St. Blasius was founded around 1100. In 1252 Northeim obtained town rights, and from 1384 to 1554 it was a member of the Hanseatic League. The city became part of the Kingdom of Hanover.
Northeim is the subject of William Sheridan Allen's book The Nazi Seizure of Power (ISBN 0-531-05633-3), a comprehensive study of the success of Nazism at town level. The book describes how the Nazis took over all social groups in the city and Nazified them, but failed to instil positive enthusiasm for the Nazi state. Instead, the population was "atomized" and deprived of the means to express group grievances. The book has been criticized for neglecting the role of the churches, which remained largely autonomous. However, even its critics say that the book is crucial to our understanding of Nazi Germany and has played a key role in shaping scholarship. Imbshausen, the site of a post-World War II British sector Displaced Persons camp, was incorporated into the city in 1974.
In 15 November 1992 an express train crashed into the wreckage of a derailed freight train near Northeim. 11 people died and 52 were injured.
Read more about this topic: Northeim
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