Nasalization - Nareal Consonants

Nareal Consonants

Besides nasalized oral fricatives, there are true nasal fricatives, called nareal fricatives, sometimes produced by people with speech defects. That is, the turbulence in the airflow characteristic of fricatives is produced not in the mouth but in the nasal cavity. A tilde plus trema diacritic is used for this in the Extensions to the IPA: is an alveolar nareal fricative, with no airflow out of the mouth, while is an oral fricative (a ) with simultaneous nareal frication. No known natural language makes use of nareal consonants.