Geography
Nagapattinam lies at 10°46′N 79°50′E / 10.77°N 79.83°E / 10.77; 79.83. The town is bounded by Bay of Bengal in the east, Uppanar river in the south, Thiruvarur district in the west, Thanjavaur district in the north west and Karaikkal & Puducherry in the north. The town lies in the sea level. The municipality covers an area of 14.92 km2 (5.76 sq mi) Nagapattinam is situated at a distance of 350 km (220 mi) from Chennai, 14 km (8.7 mi) from Karaikal, 40 km (25 mi) from Mayiladuthurai, 40 km (25 mi) from Kumbakonam, 80 km (50 mi) from Thanjavur and 25 km (16 mi) from Thiruvarur. The town receives an annual rainfall of 350 mm (14 in). The town has a tropical climate during the summer months of March to May. The proximity to sea results in a high humidity throughout the year and reaches 70% during August to May. The town has a plain terrain of alluvial soil consisting of sand, silt and clay. Vettar, the tributaries of river Cauvery are the major water bodies around the town. Paddy is the major crop in the region followed by groundnut, pulses, sugarcane, cotton and gingely. The town is one of the cyclone prone zones and was devastated during the 2004 tsunami. A very fine layer of high saline soil was deposited in the paddy fields.
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