MLI is a three letter abbreviation with several possible meanings:
- Maratha Light Infantry, a regiment of the Indian Army, also known as Ganpats.
- The IATA airport code for Quad City International Airport in Moline, Illinois, United States.
- Multi-layer insulation, the gold-colored thermal insulation often seen on spacecraft.
- Marilyn Leavitt-Imblum, the embroidery designer
- MedicoLegal Investigations Ltd, UK company
- Member of the Landscape Institute, UK institute recognised by Royal Charter.
- Roman numeral for 1051
- The FIFA country code for Mali.
- A common Icelandic abbreviation of the phrase "mér leið illa".