Biosynthesis of Miglustat
Miglustat is a synthetic derivative of a family of polyhydroxylated alkaloids or amino sugar extracted from plants and microorganisms. Its synthesis starts from -glucose sugar in plants. The sugar then aminated and oxidized to amino fructose sugar, which then can form a cyclic aminohemiacetal called nojirimycin. Then the dehydration and reduction takes place successively before the formation of deoxynojirimycin, which is a precursor of miglustat. Since it is a synthetic derivative drug, alkylation of deoxynojirimycin can be synthesized in the laboratory with 1-butyl halide via amine alkylation.
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