Training Programs
In the United States, the M.D., Ph.D. degree can be obtained through dual-degree programs offered at some medical schools. The idea for an integrated training program began at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine in 1956 and quickly spread to other research medical schools. In 1964, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) developed a grant to underwrite some universities' MD/PhD programs. This funding was distributed through the Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP). While the MSTP-designation is a very prestigious recognition, there are still many non-MSTP dual-degree programs.
Admission to a dual degree program is not a requirement to receive M.D. and Ph.D. degrees. An individual has the option to complete each degree separately through single-degree programs. However, the student is responsible for all medical school tuition and does not receive a stipend during their M.D. education. Furthermore, since the Ph.D. training is not streamlined with the medical training, students will usually take an additional 3–5 years to complete their Ph.D.
A Ph.D. may also be obtained by physicians during the residency training period. This combined research and graduate-level medical education are offered by a small minority of residency programs. This additional education typically extends the residency period by three to four years.
Read more about this topic: MD/Ph D
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