Other
- Barry Matthews, the current Chief Executive of the New Zealand Department of Corrections
- Drummond Matthews (1931–1997), English marine geologist and geophysicist
- Harry Grindell Matthews (1880–1941), English inventor
- James M. Matthews, first Chancellor of New York University
- James Tilly Matthews (1770–1815), London tea merchant and schizophrenia sufferer
- Jared Matthews American Ballet Theatre soloist
- Jeffery Matthews, British postage stamp designer
- Kevin Matthews (radio personality), Midwest-based radio personality
- Lisa Matthews, 1991 Playmate of the Year
- Peter Matthews (linguist), British linguist
- Peter H. Matthews (1873–1916), operator of policy games all over New York City
- Paul Taunton Matthews, (1919–1987) British theoretical physicist
- Robert Matthews (religious impostor) (1778–1841), American religious impostor chiefly remembered for his encounter the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement
- Rodney Matthews, English fantasy artist and illustrator
- Victoria Matthews, Canadian, Anglican bishop
- Shannon Matthews, British child who disappeared on 19 February 2008 (see Kidnapping of Shannon Matthews)
- Tina Matthews, Warner Bros. Boss
- William Matthews (engineer), British civil engineer
- Todd Matthews, Art Instructor, Los Angeles, California
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