Background
Lý Chiêu Hoàng was born in September of Lunar calendar 1218 as Lý Phật Kim (李佛金), subsequently changed to Lý Thiên Hinh (李天馨), second child of the Emperor Lý Huệ Tông and the Empress Trần Thị Dung. She had an elder sister, Princess Thuận Thiên, who was born in 1216 and later married to Prince Phụng Càn (Vietnamese: Phụng Càn vương) Trần Liễu, Lý Phật Kim herself was entitled as Princess Chiêu Thánh (昭聖), the only available successor for the throne.
Having been mentally ill for a long time, the Emperor Lý Huệ Tông ultimately decided to cede the throne of the Lý Dynasty to crown princess Lý Chiêu Hoàng in October of Lunar calendar, 1224. Lý Chiêu Hoàng thus became the only empress regnant in history of Vietnam. This decision of Lý Huệ Tông was considered by the historian Ngô Sĩ Liên as the crucial factor leading to the collapse of the Lý Dynasty, because if he had chosen a capable member of the royal family instead of his young princess, the situation for the Dynasty could have been different.
Read more about this topic: Ly Chieu Hoang
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