Lists of British Inventions - Science

Science

  • Modern atomic theory - Considered the father of modern chemistry, John Dalton's experiments with gases led to the development of what is called the modern atomic theory.
  • Equals sign Robert Recorde, Welshman
  • Cell biology - Credit for the discovery of the first cells is given to Robert Hooke who described the microscopic compartments of cork cells in 1665
  • Compound microscope with 30x magnification - Robert Hooke
  • Universal joint - Robert Hooke
  • Coggeshall slide rule - Henry Coggeshall
  • The Iris diaphragm - Robert Hooke
  • Correct theory of combustion - Robert Hooke
  • Partition chromatography - Richard Laurence Millington Synge and Archer J.P. Martin
  • Arnold Frederic Wilkins - pioneer in the development of Radar
  • Atwood machine used for illustrating the law of uniformly accelerated motion - George Atwood
  • Marine Barometer - Robert Hooke
  • Hooke's Law (equation describing elasticity) - Robert Hooke
  • Electrical generator (dynamo) - Michael Faraday
  • Faraday cage - Michael Faraday
  • Magneto-optical effect - Michael Faraday
  • Calculus - Sir Isaac Newton
  • Infrared radiation - discovery commonly attributed to William Herschel.
  • Holography - First developed by Dennis Gabor in Rugby, England. Improved by Nicholas J. Phillips who made it possible to record multi-colour reflection holograms
  • Discovery of the pion (pi-meson) - Cecil Frank Powell
  • Wheatstone bridge - Samuel Hunter Christie
  • Triple achromatic lens - Peter Dollond
  • Newtonian telescope - Sir Isaac Newton
  • Hawking radiation - Stephen Hawking
  • Demonstrated that electric circuits obey the law of the conservation of energy and that electricity is a form of energy First Law of Thermodynamics. Also the unit of energy, the Joule is named after him - James Prescott Joule
  • Micrometer - Sir William Gascoigne
    • the first bench micrometer that was capable of measuring to one ten thousandth of an inch - Henry Maudslay
  • Sinclair Executive, the world's first small electronic pocket calculator - Sir Clive Sinclair
  • Discovered the element argon - John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh with Scotsman William Ramsay
  • Standard deviation - Francis Galton
  • Slide rule - William Oughtred
  • Synthesis of coumarin, one of the first synthetic perfumes, and cinnamic acid via the Perkin reaction- William Henry Perkin
  • The Law of Gravity - Sir Isaac Newton
  • Newton's laws of motion - Sir Isaac Newton
  • Geological Timescale - Arthur Holmes
  • Electromagnet - William Sturgeon in 1823.
  • Helium - Norman Lockyer
  • Weather map - Sir Francis Galton
  • Introduced the symbol for "is less than" and "is greater than" - Thomas Harriot 1630
  • Introduced the "×" symbol for multiplication as well as the abbreviations "sin" and "cos" for the sine and cosine functions - William Oughtred
  • Dew Point Hygrometer - John Frederic Daniell
  • Periodic Table - John Alexander Reina Newlands
  • Splitting the atom - John Cockcroft and Irish physicist Ernest Walton
  • Seismograph - John Milne
  • Discovery of oxygen gas (O2) - Joseph Priestley
  • Discovery of the Atom(nuclear model of) - Ernest Rutherford
  • Discovery of the Proton - Ernest Rutherford
  • Discovery of the Electron, isotopes and the inventor of the Mass spectrometer - J. J. Thomson
  • Discovery of the Neutron - James Chadwick
  • Discovery of Hydrogen - Henry Cavendish
  • Nuclear transfer - Is a form of cloning first put into practice by Ian Wilmut and Keith Campbell to clone Dolly the Sheep
  • Theory of Evolution - Charles Darwin

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Famous quotes containing the word science:

    “The negative cautions of science are never popular. If the experimentalist would not commit himself, the social philosopher, the preacher, and the pedagogue tried the harder to give a short- cut answer.”
    —Margaret Mead (1901–1978)

    “Whilst Marx turned the Hegelian dialectic outwards, making it an instrument with which he could interpret the facts of history and so arrive at an objective science which insists on the translation of theory into action, Kierkegaard, on the other hand, turned the same instruments inwards, for the examination of his own soul or psychology, arriving at a subjective philosophy which involved him in the deepest pessimism and despair of action.”
    —Sir Herbert Read (1893–1968)

    “We have not given science too big a place in our education, but we have made a perilous mistake in giving it too great a preponderance in method in every other branch of study.”
    —Woodrow Wilson (1856–1924)