The Sultan of Brunei (Malay: Sultan Brunei; سلطان بروني) is the head of state and absolute monarch of Brunei. He is also head of government in his capacity as Prime Minister. Since independence from the British in 1984, only one Sultan has reigned, though the royal institution dates back to the 14th century.
The full title of the Sultan is: His Majesty The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam.
In the chart below, the number adjacent to the monarch's name indicate the year of the start of the reign. The number adjacent to that number is the year of the reign's end.
| Nassaruddin | 1690 | 1710 | |
| Hussin Kamaluddin | 1710 | 1730 | First reign |
| Muhammad Alauddin | 1730 | 1737 | |
| Hussin Kamaluddin | 1737 | 1740 | Second reign |
| Omar Ali Saifuddin I | 1740 | 1795 | |
| Muhammad Tajuddin | 1795 | 1807 | |
| Muhammad Jamalul Alam I | 1804 | 1804 | |
| Muhammad Kanzul Alam | 1807 | 1826 | |
| Muhammad Alam | 1826 | 1828 | |
| Omar Ali Saifuddin II | 1828 | 1852 | Brunei ceded Sarawak to James Brooke |
| Abdul Momin | 1852 | 1885 | Brunei ceded North Borneo (later known as Sabah). |
| Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin | 1885 | 1906 | United Kingdom established protectorate over Brunei in 1888 |
| # | Name | Portrait | Birth and death | Reign started | Reign ended | Marriages | Succession right |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26 | Muhammad Jamalul Alam II | 1889 Brunei Town – 11 September 1924 Brunei Town (aged 35) |
10 May 1906 | 11 September 1924 | Raja Isteri Fatimah |
Son of Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin |
|
| 27 | Ahmad Tajuddin | 4 June 1913 Brunei Town – 4 June 1950 Brunei Town (aged 37) |
11 September 1924 | 4 June 1950 | Tengku Raihani |
Son of Muhammad Jamalul Alam II |
|
| 28 | Omar Ali Saifuddien III | 23 September 1914 Brunei Town – 7 September 1986 Bandar Seri Begawan (aged 71) |
4 June 1950 | 4 October 1967 (willingly abdicated) | (1) Dayang Siti (2) Pengiran Anak 6 September 1941 |
Son of Muhammad Jamalul Alam II / Brother of Ahmad Tajuddin |
|
| 29 | Hassanal Bolkiah | 15 July 1946 Brunei Town |
4 October 1967 | Present | (1) Queen Saleha 1965 (2) Hajah Mariam 1982–2003 (divorced) (3) Azrinaz Mazhar 2005–2010 (divorced) |
Son of Omar Ali Saifuddien III |
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—Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)
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—Linda Pastan (b. 1932)