Order Theory
The answer to Suslin's problem is independent of ZFC. The diamond principle ◊ proves the existence of a Suslin line, while MA + ¬CH proves that no Suslin line exists.
Existence of Kurepa trees is independent of ZFC.
Read more about this topic: List Of Statements Undecidable In ZFC
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“Play not with paradoxes. That caustic which you handle in order to scorch others may happen to sear your own fingers and make them dead to the quality of things.”
—George Eliot [Mary Ann (or Marian)
“Everything to which we concede existence is a posit from the standpoint of a description of the theory-building process, and simultaneously real from the standpoint of the theory that is being built. Nor let us look down on the standpoint of the theory as make-believe; for we can never do better than occupy the standpoint of some theory or other, the best we can muster at the time.”
—Willard Van Orman Quine (b. 1908)