Europe
- Abkhazia - Mikheil, Prince of Abkhazia (1822–1864)
- Belgium
- Monarch - Léopold I, King of the Belgians (1831–1865)
- Cabinet Chief -
- Charles Rogier, Cabinet Chief of Belgium (1832–1834, 1847–1852, 1857–1868)
- Henri de Brouckère, Cabinet Chief of Belgium (1852–1855)
- Denmark
- Monarch - Frederick VII, King of Denmark (1848–1863)
- Prime Minister -
- Adam Wilhelm, Prime Minister of Denmark (1848–1852)
- Christian Albrecht Bluhme, Prime Minister of Denmark (1852–1853)
- France -
- President - Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, President of France (1848–1852), became
- Monarch - Napoleon III, Emperor of the French (1852–1870)
- German Confederation - Franz Joseph of Austria, President of the German Confederation (1850–1866)
- Austria - Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria (1848–1916)
- Luxembourg
- Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
- Prime Minister - Jean-Jacques Madelaine Willmar, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1848–1853)
- Prussia -
- Monarch - Friedrich Wilhelm IV, King of Prussia (1840–1861)
- Prime Minister - Otto von Manteuffel, Minister-President of Prussia (1850–1858)
- Bavaria - Maximilian II, King of Bavaria (1848–1864)
- Saxony - Frederick Augustus, King of Saxony (1836–1854)
- Hanover - George, King of Hanover (1851–1866)
- Württemberg - William, King of Württemberg (1816–1864)
- Greece -
- Monarch - Otto, King of Greece (1832–1862)
- Prime Minister - Antonios Kriezis, Prime Minister of Greece (1849–1854)
- Hungary - Franz Joseph I of Austria, King of Hungary (1848–1916)
- Netherlands
- Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
- Prime Minister - Johan Rudolf Thorbecke, Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers (1849–1853, 1862–1866, 1871–1872)
- Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
- Monarch - Abd-ul-Mejid I, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1839–1861)
- Grand Vizier -
- Mustafa Resid Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1848–1852)
- Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1852)
- Mustafa Resid Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1852)
- Mehmed Emin Ali Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1852)
- Damad Mehmed Ali Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1852–1853)
- Portugal - Maria II, Queen of Portugal (1826–1828, 1834–1853)
- Russia - Nicholas I, Tsar of Russia (1825–1855)
- Spain - Isabella II, Queen of Spain (September 29, 1833–1868)
- Sweden - United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway - Oscar I, King of Sweden (1844–1859)
- Tuscany - Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1824–1859)
- Two Sicilies - Ferdinand II, King of the Two Sicilies (1830–1859)
- United Kingdom
- Monarch - Victoria, Queen of Great Britain and Ireland (1837–1901)
- Prime Minister -
- Lord John Russell, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1846–1852)
- The Earl of Derby, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1852)
- The Earl of Aberdeen, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1852–1855)
Read more about this topic: List Of State Leaders In 1852
Famous quotes containing the word europe:
“What helps it now, that Byron bore,
With haughty scorn which mock’d the smart,
Through Europe to the Aetolian shore
The pageant of his bleeding heart?
That thousands counted every groan,
And Europe made his woe her own?”
—Matthew Arnold (1822–1888)
“Of all the errors which can possibly be committed to the education of youth, that of sending them to Europe is the most fatal. I see [clearly] that no American should come to Europe under 30 years of age.”
—Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826)
“What passes for identity in America is a series of myths about one’s heroic ancestors. It’s astounding to me, for example, that so many people really seem to believe that the country was founded by a band of heroes who wanted to be free. That happens not to be true. What happened was that some people left Europe because they couldn’t stay there any longer and had to go someplace else to make it. They were hungry, they were poor, they were convicts.”
—James Baldwin (1924–1987)