List of State Leaders in 1221 - Europe

Europe

  • Principality of Achaea - Geoffrey I of Villehardouin (1209-c. 1228)
  • County of Angoulême - Hugh I (1218–1249)
  • Duchy of Aquitaine - Henry II (1216–1254)
  • Kingdom of Aragon - James I (1213–1276)
  • Duchy of Athens - Otto de la Roche (1205–1225)
  • Duchy of Austria - Leopold VI (1198–1230)
  • County of Auvergne - Guy II (1195–1224)
  • Dauphinate of Auvergne - Dalfi d'Alvernha (Robert IV) (1169–1235)
  • Margraviate of Baden - Frederick (1216–1231)
  • County of Bar - Henry II (1214–1239)
  • County of Barcelona - James I (1213–1276)
  • Duchy of Bavaria - Louis I (1183–1231)
  • County of Blois - Margaret, with Walter of Avesnes (1218–1230)
  • Kingdom of Bohemia - Premysl I Ottokar (1198–1230)
  • County of Boulogne - Matilda II (1216- c. 1260)
  • Duchy of Brabant - Henry I (1190–1235)
  • Duchy of Brittany - Peter I (1213–1237)
  • Second Bulgarian Empire - Ivan Asen II, Tsar of Bulgaria (1218–1241)
  • Duchy of Burgundy - Hugh IV (1218–1272)
  • Duchy of Carinthia - Bernhard (1201–1256)
  • Kingdom of Castile - Ferdinand III, the Saint (1217–1252)
  • County of Champagne - Theobald IV (1201–1253)
  • Deheubarth - Maelgwyn ap Rhys, Prince of Deheubarth (1199–1230), disputed with Rhys the Hoarse (1216–1234)
  • Kingdom of Denmark - Valdemar II, the Victorious (1202–1241)
  • Duchy of Demmin - Warcislaw III (1219–1264)
  • Kingdom of England - Henry III (1216–1272)
  • Despotate of Epirus - Theodore Ducas (1214–1230)
  • County of Flanders - Jeanne (1205–1244)
  • Kingdom of France - Philip II (1180–1223)
  • Duchy of Gdańsk - Swietopelk II the Great (1215–1266)
  • County of Guelders - Gerard IV (1207–1229)
  • Kingdom of Gwynedd - Llywelyn the Great, Prince of Gwynedd (1194–1240)
  • County of Hainaut - Jeanne (1205–1244)
  • County of Holland - William I (1203–1222)
  • Holy Roman Empire - Frederick II (1211–1250)
  • Kingdom of Hungary - Andrew II (1205–1235)
  • Lordship of Ireland - Henry III of England (1216–1272)
  • Kingdom of Mann and the Isles - Raghnall mac Gofraidh (1187–1229)
  • Kievan Rus' - Mstislav III, Grand Prince of Kiev (1214–1223)
  • Duchy of Lorraine - Matthias II (1220–1251)
  • County of Maine - John Capet (1219–1232)
  • March of Montferrat - William IV (1207–1225)
  • County of Namur - Philip II (1217–1226)
  • Kingdom of Navarre - Sancho VII the Strong (1194–1234)
  • Duchy of the Archipelago (Naxos) - Marco Sanudo (1207–1227)
  • Duchy of Normandy - Henry III (claimed, 1216–1259)
  • Kingdom of Norway - Haakon IV (1217–1263)
  • Duchy of Opole - Casimir I (1211–1230)
  • County of Poitiers - Alfonso (1220–1271)
  • Kingdom of Poland - Leszek the White (1211–1227)
  • Kingdom of Portugal - Afonso II, the Fat (1212–1233)
  • Powys Fadog - Madog ap Gruffydd Maelor, Prince of Powys Fadog (1191–1236)
  • County of Provence - Ramon Berenguer IV (1209–1245)
  • Duchy of Rugia - Wizlaw I (1218–1249)
  • Duchy of Saxony - Albert I (1212–1260)
  • Kingdom of Scotland - Alexander II (1214–1249)
  • Kingdom of Serbia - Stefan Nemanjić (1196–1228)
  • Duchy of Sławno - Boguslaw III (1190–1223)
  • Duchy of Swabia - Henry II (1216–1235)
  • Kingdom of Sweden - John I (1216–1222)
  • Duchy of Szczecin - Dobry (1220–1278)
  • Kingdom of Thessalonica - Demetrius (1207–1224)
  • County of Toulouse - Raymond VI (1194–1222)
  • Republic of Venice - Pietro Ziani Doge of Venice (1205–1229)
  • Vladimir-Suzdal - Yuri II, Grand Prince (1218–1238)
  • Duchy of Silesia (Wrocław) - Henry I the Bearded (1201–1238)
  • County of Württemberg - Hartmann (1194–1240)

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    “The people of Western Europe are facing this summer a series of tragic dilemmas. Of the hopes that dazzled the last twenty years that some political movement might tend to the betterment of the human lot, little remains above ground but the tattered slogans of the past.”
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    —Matthew Arnold (1822–1888)