Habsburg-Lorraine Grand Dukes of Tuscany, 1814-1860
| # | Name | Started | Ended | Relationship with predecessor(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | Ferdinando III | 27 Apr 1814 | 18 Jun 1824 | (restored) |
| 11 | Leopoldo II | 18 Jun 1824 | 21 Jul 1859 | son of Ferdinando III |
| 12 | Ferdinando IV | 21 Jul 1859 | 22 Mar 1860 | son of Leopoldo II |
Leopoldo II was driven from Tuscany by revolution from 21 February to 12 April 1849, and again on 27 April 1859. He abdicated in favor of his son, Ferdinando IV, on 21 July 1859, but Ferdinando IV was never recognized in Tuscany, and was deposed by the provisional government on 16 August. Tuscany was annexed by Piedmont-Sardinia, on 22 March 1860.
Read more about this topic: List Of Rulers Of Tuscany
Famous quotes containing the word grand:
“The grand principles of virtue and honor, however they may be distorted by arbitrary codes, are the same the world over: and where these principles are concerned, the right or wrong of any action appears the same to the uncultivated as to the enlightened mind.”
—Herman Melville (1819–1891)