C-E
- Thomas Cajetan, (1469–1534)12
- John Calvin, (1509–1564)2
- Tommaso Campanella, (1568–1639)12
- Gerolamo Cardano, (1501–1576)
- Andrea Cesalpino, (1519–1603)
- Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, (1486–1534)
- Pierre Charron, (1541–1603)
- Ch'en Hsien-chang, (1428–1500)
- Chiao Hung, (1540–1620)
- John Comenius, (1592–1670)12
- Nicolaus Copernicus, (1473–1543)12
- Johannes Crellius, (1590–1633)
- Cesare Cremonini, (1550–1631)
- Jalal al-Din al-Dawani, (1426–1502)
- Elijah Delmedigo, (1460–1497)
- Joseph Solomon Delmedigo, (1484–1558)
- Denys the Carthusian (or Denys de Leeuwis), (1402–1471)
- René Descartes, (1596–1650)12
- Guillaume du Vair, (1556–1621)
- Desiderius Erasmus, (1466–1536)12
Read more about this topic: List Of Philosophers Born In The 15th And 16th Centuries