1900s
- HM King Léopold III of the Belgians (1901–1983), King of the Belgians, 1934–1951
- John Strachey (1901–1963)
- Philip Evergood (1901–1973)
- Victor Hely-Hutchinson (1901–1947)
- Sir Gubby Allen (1902–1989), England cricketer
- Lord David Cecil (1902–1986), literary critic
- Christopher Hollis (1902–1977), intelligence officer
- Dadie Rylands (1902–1999), Cambridge don and member of the Bloomsbury Group
- Prince Nicholas of Romania (1903–1978)
- Norman Barrett (1903–1979)
- Edward Chichester, 6th Marquess of Donegall (1903–1975)
- Cyril Connolly (1903–1974), author and journalist
- Alec Douglas-Home, Baron Home of the Hirsel (1903–1995), Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, 1960–1963, 1970–1974, and Prime Minister, 1963–1964
- Roger K. Furse (1903–1972), film designer
- Sir John Heygate (1903–1976)
- Sir Roger Mynors (1903–1989)
- George Orwell (1903–1950), novelist
- Sir Steven Runciman (1903–2000), historian
- James Hamilton, 4th Duke of Abercorn (1904–1979)
- Sir Harold Acton (1904–1994), writer and aesthete
- Francis Thomas Bacon (1904–1992)
- Cameron Fromenteel Cobbold, 1st Baron Cobbold of Knebworth (1904–1987), Governor, Bank of England, 1949–1961, and Lord Chamberlain, 1963–1971
- Sir Paul Mason (1904–1978), diplomat
- Oliver Messel (1904–1978), artist and stage designer
- Godfrey Meynell (1904–1935), North West Frontier Victoria Cross
- J. H. C. Whitehead (1904–1960)
- Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn, 10th Baronet (1904–1988), Lord Lieutenant of Denbighshire and of Clwyd
- Robert Byron (1905–1941), traveller, writer, art critic and historian
- David Cecil, 6th Marquess of Exeter (1905–1981), hurdler, politician, and Chairman, 1936–1966, and President, 1966–1977, British Olympic Association
- Henry Green (1905–1973), novelist
- Bryan Guinness, 2nd Baron Moyne (1905–1992), poet and novelist
- Brian Howard (1905–1958), writer
- Sir Harry Hylton-Foster (1905–1965), politician, Solicitor General for England and Wales, 1954–1959, and Speaker of the House of Commons, 1959–1965
- Seymour de Lotbiniere (1905–1984), BBC Director of outside broadcasting
- Frank Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford (1905–2001), politician and writer
- Sir Trenchard Cox (1906–1995), museum director
- Anthony Powell (1906–2000), novelist
- Cuthbert Bardsley (1907–1991), Bishop
- Peter Fleming (1907–1971), writer, traveller and journalist
- James Graham, 7th Duke of Montrose (1907–1992), politician
- Sir Rupert Hart-Davis (1907–1999), publisher
- Quintin Hogg, Baron Hailsham of St Marylebone (1907–2001), Lord Chancellor, 1970–1974, 1979–1987
- John Lehmann (1907–1987), poet and editor
- Ian Fleming (1908–1964), novelist
- James Lees-Milne (1908–1997), author and diarist
- Sir Anthony Wagner (1908–1995), herald
- Seymour Berry, 2nd Viscount Camrose (1909–1995), Chairman, The Daily Telegraph, 1987
- Douglas Blackwood (1909–1997), publisher and Battle of Britain fighter pilot
- Paul Gore-Booth, Baron Gore-Booth (1909–1984), High Commissioner to India, 1960–1965, and Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, 1965–1969
- Charles John Lyttelton, 10th Viscount Cobham (1909–1977)
- Anthony Mildmay (1909–1950), amateur steeplechase jockey
- John Murray (1909–1993)
- William Sidney, 1st Viscount De L'Isle (1909–1991), Second World War Victoria Cross
- Reynolds Stone (1909–1979)
- Peter Thorneycroft, Baron Thorneycroft (1909–1994), Chancellor of the Exchequer (1957–1958)
- General Sir Kenneth Darling (1909–1998)
Read more about this topic: List Of Old Etonians Born In The 20th Century