List of Number-one Singles in The Dutch Top 40

This is a list of number-one singles in the Dutch Top 40. The Dutch Top 40 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the Netherlands since 1965. It is published weekly by radio station Radio 538. In this article, an alphabetical list of the number-one singles in order of performing artist(s) can be found.

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Artist Nationality Number-one single Year
ABBA Sweden "Fernando" 1976
"Dancing Queen"
"Money, Money, Money"
"Chiquitita" 1979
"I Have a Dream" 1980
"The Winner Takes It All"
"Super Trouper"
"One of Us" 1981
Abel Netherlands "Onderweg" 2000
Adams BryanBryan Adams Canada "(Everything I Do) I Do It for You" 1991
Adele United Kingdom "Rolling in the Deep" 2011
"Set Fire to the Rain"
"Skyfall" 2012
AdventuresThe Adventures of Stevie V United Kingdom "Dirty Cash" 1990
Afrojack Netherlands "Give Me Everything"
2011
Aguilera ChristinaChristina Aguilera United States "Moves Like Jagger"
2011
AhaA-ha Norway "Take on Me" 1985
Akon United States "Lonely" 2005
All-4-One United States "I Swear" 1981
Anarchic System France "Popcorn" 1972
Anouk Netherlands "Three Days in a Row" 2009
Aphrodite's Child Greece "I Want to Live" 1969
Aqua Denmark "Barbie Girl" 1997
Artiesten voor Azië Netherlands "Als Je Iets Kan Doen" 2005
Astley RickRick Astley United Kingdom "Never Gonna Give You Up" 1987
Atomic Kitten United Kingdom "Whole Again" 2001
Avidan AsafAsaf Avidan Israel "One Day / Reckoning Song (Wankelmut Rmx)" 2012
Artist Nationality Number-one single Year
B AliAli B Netherlands "Wat Zou Je Doen"
2004
Baccara Spain "Yes Sir, I Can Boogie" 1977
"Sorry, I'm a Lady"
Backstreet Boys United States "I Want It That Way" 1999
Bailey PhilipPhilip Bailey United States "Easy Lover"
1985
Baker GeorgeGeorge Baker Selection Netherlands "Sing a Song of Love" 1974
"Paloma Blanca" 1975
"Morning Sky"
Baltimora Italy "Tarzan Boy" 1985
Band Aid Ireland / "Do They Know It's Christmas?"
BangelsThe Bangles United States "Walk Like an Egyptian" 1986.51986–87
"Eternal Flame" 1989
Barry & Eileen United Kingdom "If You Go" 1975
Basshunter Sweden "Boten Anna" 2006
Bauer FransFrans Bauer Netherlands "De Regenboog" 1997
"Heb Je Even Voor Mij" 2003
Beach BoysThe Beach Boys United States "Sloop John B" 1966
BeatlesThe Beatles United Kingdom "I Feel Fine" 1965
"Rock and Roll Music" / "No Reply"
"Ticket to Ride"
"Help!"
"Yesterday"
"We Can Work It Out" / "Day Tripper" 1965.51965–66
"Michelle"
1966
"Paperback Writer"
"Yellow Submarine" / "Eleanor Rigby"
"Penny Lane" / "Strawberry Fields Forever" 1967
"All You Need Is Love"
"Hello, Goodbye" 1967.51967–68
"Hey Jude" 1968
"Get Back"
1969
"The Ballad of John and Yoko"
"Let It Be" 1970
Beck RobinRobin Beck United States "First Time" 1989
Bee Gees United Kingdom "Massachusetts" 1967
"World" 1968
"Words"
"Don't Forget to Remember" 1969
"Stayin' Alive" 1978
Bega LouLou Bega Germany "Mambo No. 5 (A Little Bit Of...)" 1999
Benatar PatPat Benatar United States "Love Is a Battlefield" 1984
Berlin United States "Take My Breath Away" 1986
Bernal JodyJody Bernal Netherlands "Que Si, Que No" 2000
Berry DaveDave Berry United Kingdom "This Strange Effect" 1965
BeyoncéBeyoncé United States "Beautiful Liar"
2007
"If I Were a Boy" 2008
Black Eyed PeasThe Black Eyed Peas United States "Where Is the Love?" 2003
"Mas que Nada"
2006
"I Gotta Feeling" 2009
BLØF Netherlands "Holiday in Spain"
2004
Blondie United States "Denis" 1978
Blue United Kingdom "Sorry Seems to Be the Hardest Word"
2003
Blue Cheer United States "Summertime Blues" 1968
Blunt JamesJames Blunt United Kingdom "You're Beautiful" 2005
BobB.o.B United States "Nothin' on You"
2010
Bocelli AndreaAndrea Bocelli Italy "Because We Believe"
2006
Bomfunk MC's Finland "Freestyler" 2000
Bon Jovi United States "It's My Life"
Boney M. Germany "Sunny" 1977
"Ma Baker"
"Rivers of Babylon" / "Brown Girl in the Ring" 1978
"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday" 1979
Boom Jeroen van derJeroen van der Boom Netherlands "Jij Bent Zo" 2007
"Eén Wereld"
Boris Netherlands "When You Think of Me" 2004
Borsato MarcoMarco Borsato Netherlands "Dromen Zijn Bedrog" 1994
"Waarom Nou Jij" 1995
"De Bestemming" 1998
"Binnen" 1999.51999–2000
"Lopen Op Het Water"
2002
"Afscheid Nemen Bestaat Niet" 2003.52003–04
"Voorbij"
2004
"Wat Zou Je Doen"
"Because We Believe"
2006
"Rood"
"Everytime I Think of You"
"Wit Licht" 2008
"Stop de Tijd"
"Dochters"
Bowie DavidDavid Bowie United Kingdom "Under Pressure"
1981
"Let's Dance" 1983
"This Is Not America"
1985
"Dancing in the Street"
"Tonight (Live)"
1989
Boys Town Gang United States "Can't Take My Eyes Off You" 1982
Boyz Two MenBoyz II Men United States "End of the Road" 1992
Boyzone Ireland "No Matter What" 1998
Brainpower Netherlands "Dansplaat" 2002
Brandy United States "The Boy Is Mine"
1998
Breck FreddyFreddy Breck Germany "Rote Rosen" 1973
Bronski Beat United Kingdom "Smalltown Boy" 1984
Brood HermanHerman Brood Netherlands "My Way" 2001
Brotherhood of Man United Kingdom "Save Your Kisses for Me" 1976
Brown SamSam Brown United Kingdom "Stop!" 1988
Bucks Fizz United Kingdom "Making Your Mind Up" 1981
"The Land of Make Believe" 1982
BZN Netherlands "Mon Amour" 1976
"Pearlydumm" 1980
Artist Nationality Number-one single Year
C MelanieMelanie C United Kingdom "Never Be the Same Again"
2000
"I Turn to You"
Candyman United States "Knockin' Boots" 1991
Cappella Italy "Move on Baby" 1994
Captain Jack Germany "Captain Jack" 1996
"Drill Instructor"
Cara IreneIrene Cara United States "Fame" 1983
Carey MariahMariah Carey United States "I'll Be There"
1992
"Without You" 1994
Cascada Germany "Evacuate the Dancefloor" 2009
CatsThe Cats Netherlands "Lea" 1968
"Why" 1969
"Marian" 1969.51969–70
"Where Have I Been Wrong" 1970
"Be My Day" 1974
Champaign United States "How 'Bout Us" 1981
Chapman TracyTracy Chapman United States "Fast Car" 1988
Cheap Trick United States "I Want You to Want Me" 1979
Cher United States "Believe" 1999
Cherry NenehNeneh Cherry Sweden "Buffalo Stance" 1989
Chigago United States "If You Leave Me Now" 1976.51976–77
ChipzCh!pz Netherlands "Cowboy" 2003
"1001 Arabian Nights" 2004
"One, Two, Three!" 2005
"Carnival"
Cidinho & Doca Brazil "Rap das Armas (Quintino Remix)" 2009
City to City Netherlands "The Road Ahead (Miles of the Unknown)" 1999
Clark PetulaPetula Clark United Kingdom "This Is My Song" 1967
Clarkson KellyKelly Clarkson United States "Because of You" 2006
Clerc JulienJulien Clerc France "This Melody" 1976
Clouseau Belgium "Passie" 1995
Cock Robin United States "The Promise You Made" 1986
Coldplay United Kingdom "Talk" 2005.52005–06
"Viva la Vida" 2008
Collins Dave and AnsellDave and Ansell Collins Jamaica "Double Barrel" 1971
Collins PhilPhil Collins United Kingdom "In the Air Tonight" 1981
"You Can't Hurry Love" 1983
"Easy Lover"
1985
"A Groovy Kind of Love" 1988
Coltrane ChiChi Coltrane United States "Go Like Elijah" 1973
Commodores United States "Nightshift" 1985
CommunardsThe Communards United Kingdom "Don't Leave Me This Way"
1986
Cooke SamSam Cooke United States "Wonderful World"
Coole Piet Netherlands "Paniek In De Confettiefabriek" 2006
Coolio United States "Gangsta's Paradise"
1995
Counting Crows United States "Holiday in Spain"
2004
Covington JulieJulie Covington United Kingdom "Don't Cry for Me Argentina" 1977
Cox GerardGerard Cox Netherlands "'t Is Weer Voorbij Die Mooie Zomer" 1973.51973–74
Crawford BillyBilly Crawford United States "Trackin'" 2002
Crawford RandyRandy Crawford United States "One Day I'll Fly Away" 1980
Creedence Clearwater Revival United States "Who'll Stop the Rain" 1970
"Up Around the Bend"
Culture Beat Germany "Mr. Vain" 1993
Culture Club United Kingdom "Karma Chameleon" 1983
Curly AlexanderAlexander Curly Netherlands "I'll Never Drink Again" 1972
"Guus" 1975
Artist Nationality Number-one single Year
D DorisDoris D & The Pins Netherlands / "Shine Up" 1981
DagostinoGigi D'Agostino Italy "L'Amour Toujours" 2001.52001–02
Damaru Suriname "Mi Rowsu (Tuintje In Mijn Hart)"
2009
DarbyTerence Trent D'Arby United States "Wishing Well" 1987
Dave Netherlands "Dansez Maintenant" 1975
Davis SammySammy Davis, Jr. United States "Baretta's Theme" 1976
Dawn United States "Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree" 1973
Dayne TaylorTaylor Dayne United States "Tell It to My Heart" 1988
DCUP Australia "We No Speak Americano"
2010
De La Soul United States "Me Myself and I" 1989
Dean SharifSharif Dean France "Do You Love Me?" 1973
Dekker DesmondDesmond Dekker & The Aces Jamaica "Israelites" 1969
DeLange IlseIlse DeLange Netherlands "Miracle" 2009
Des'ree United Kingdom "Life" 1998
Dillinger Jamaica "Cokane In My Brain" 1977
Dion CélineCéline Dion Canada "Think Twice" 1995
"Tell Him"
1997
"My Heart Will Go On" 1998
Dire Straits United Kingdom "Private Investigations" 1982
DJ Jean Netherlands "The Launch" 1999
Do Netherlands "Voorbij"
2004
Doe Maar Netherlands "De Bom" 1982
"Pa" 1983
DÖF Austria / "Codo (...Düse Im Sauseschritt)"
Dolly Dots Netherlands "Love Me Just a Little Bit More (Totally Hooked On You)" 1984
Don Omar Puerto Rico "Danza Kuduro"
2011
Donovan United Kingdom "Atlantis" 1969
Double You Italy "Please Don't Go" 1992
Douglas CarlCarl Douglas Jamaica "Kung Fu Fighting" 1974
Douwe EgbertEgbert Douwe Netherlands "Kom Uit De Bedstee Mijn Liefste" 1968
Dr. Alban Sweden "It's My Life" 1992
Dragonette Canada "Hello"
2011
Drukwerk Netherlands "Je Loog Tegen Mij" 1982
Duffy United Kingdom "Mercy" 2008
Duin André vanAndré van Duin Netherlands "Willempie" 1976
"Als Je Huilt" / "Bim Bam" 1982
"Het Pizzalied (Effe Wachte...)" 1993
DukesThe Dukes Netherlands "Friday on My Mind"
1966
Dulfer CandyCandy Dulfer Netherlands "Lily Was Here"
1989
Duran Duran United Kingdom "The Reflex" 1984
Dutch Swing College Band Netherlands "Letkis Jenka"
1965
DuvalFrank Duval & Orchestra Germany "Angel of Mine" 1981
DyserJoey Dyser Netherlands "100 Years" 1975
Artist Nationality Number-one single Year
Eamon United States "Fuck It (I Don't Want You Back)" 2004
Earth and Fire Netherlands "Memories" 1972
"Weekend" 1979.51979–80
EastonSheena Easton United Kingdom "For Your Eyes Only" 1981
EasybeatsThe Easybeats Australia "Friday on My Mind"
1966
Eiffel 65 Italy "Blue (Da Ba Dee)" 1999
Electric Light Orchestra United Kingdom "Xanadu"
1980
Emilia Sweden "Big Big World" 1998.51998–99
Eminem United States "Without Me" 2002
"Lose Yourself" 2003
Enigma Germany "Sadeness (Part I)" 1990
Enya Ireland "Orinoco Flow (Sail Away)" 1988
"I Don't Wanna Know"
2004
EstefanGloria Estefan United States "Can't Stay Away from You"
1989
Europe Sweden "The Final Countdown" 1986
Evans FaithFaith Evans United States "I'll Be Missing You"
1997
Extreme United States "More Than Words" 1991
Artist Nationality Number-one single Year
Faithless United Kingdom "God Is a DJ" 1998
Falco Austria "Jeanny" 1986
FaltermeyerHarold Faltermeyer Germany "Axel F" 1985
Fame GeorgieGeorgie Fame United Kingdom "Rosetta"
1971
Ferrari Netherlands "Sweet Love" 1976
FerroTiziano Ferro Italy "Perdono" 2002
FitzgerarldScott Fitzgerald United Kingdom "If I Had Words"
1978
Fleetwood Mac United Kingdom "Oh Well" 1969
"Go Your Own Way" 1977
Fluitsma & Van Tijn Netherlands "15 Miljoen Mensen" 1996
FoleyEllen Foley United States "We Belong to the Night" 1979
Four Non Blondes4 Non Blondes United States "What's Up?" 1993
Foxy United States "Get Off" 1978
FramptonPeter Frampton United Kingdom "Show Me the Way" 1976
Frankie Goes to Hollywood United Kingdom "Two Tribes" 1984
Franklin ArethaAretha Franklin United States "I Knew You Were Waiting (For Me)"
1987
FrogerRené Froger Netherlands "Alles Kan Een Mens Gelukkig Maken"
1989
Fugees United States "Killing Me Softly" 1996
FurtadoNelly Furtado Canada "All Good Things (Come to an End)"
2007
Artist Nationality Number-one single Year
GarfunkelArt Garfunkel United States "Bright Eyes" 1979
GarrettSiedah Garrett United States "I Just Can't Stop Loving You"
1987
GatesGareth Gates United Kingdom "Anyone of Us (Stupid Mistake)" 2003
Genesis United Kingdom "I Can't Dance" 1992
GibbRobin Gibb United Kingdom "Saved by the Bell" 1969
Gibson Brothers France "Non Stop Dance" 1977
GilstrapJim Gilstrap United States "Swing Your Daddy" 1975
GloverRoger Glover & Guests United Kingdom "Love Is All" 1975
Goede DoelHet Goede Doel Netherlands "Alles Kan Een Mens Gelukkig Maken"
1989
Golden Earring Netherlands "Dong-Dong-Di-Ki-Di-Gi-Dong" 1968
"Back Home" 1970
"Radar Love" 1973
"Twilight Zone" 1982
"When the Lady Smiles" 1984
Gompie Netherlands "Alice, Who the Fuck is Alice?" 1968
Goombay Dance Band Germany "Sun of Jamaica" 1980
GooyerRijk de Gooyer Netherlands "De Bostella"
1967
Gordon Netherlands "Kon Ik Maar Even Bij Je Zijn" 1991
Gotye Belgium "Somebody That I Used to Know"
2011
GrantEddy Grant United Kingdom "Gimme Hope Jo'anna" 1988
Green Cee LoCee Lo Green United States "Fuck You" 2010
Green JesseJesse Green Jamaica "Nice and Slow" 1976
Green Day United States "The Saints Are Coming"
2006
GroenewoudRaymond van het Groenewoud Belgium "Liefde Voor Muziek" 1991
GrootBoudewijn de Groot Netherlands "Het Land van Maas en Waal" 1967
Guillermo & Tropical Danny Netherlands "Toppertje!" 2006
Guns N' Roses United States "Knockin' on Heaven's Door" 1992
Guys 'n' Dolls United Kingdom "You're My World" 1977
Artist Nationality Number-one single Year
Haddaway Trinidad "What Is Love" 1993
Hakkûhbar Netherlands "Gabbertje" 1996
HammerJan Hammer Czech Republic "Crockett's Theme" 1987
HardcastlePaul Hardcastle United Kingdom "19" 1985
HarrisonGeorge Harrison United Kingdom "My Sweet Lord" 1971
HawkinsThe Edwin Hawkins Singers United States "Oh Happy Day" 1969
"Lay Down (Candles in the Rain)"
1970
Hazes AndréAndré Hazes Netherlands "Zij Gelooft In Mij" 2004
"Blijf Bij Mij (Dit Zijn Voor Mij De Allermooiste Uren)"
2007
"Bedankt Mijn Vriend"
Hazes André Jr.André Hazes, Jr. Netherlands "Bedankt Mijn Vriend"
2007
Heintje Netherlands "Ich Bau' Dir Ein Schloss" 1968
"Heidschi Bumbeidschi"
HerbJacques Herb Netherlands "Manuela"
1971
Herman's Hermits United Kingdom "No Milk Today" 1966
Hermans ToonToon Hermans Netherlands "Mien Waar Is M'n Feestneus" 1968
Hermes House Band Netherlands "I Will Survive (La La La)" 1994–95
Hero Netherlands "Toen Ik Je Zag" 1997
HeylenIvan Heylen Belgium "De Wilde Boerndochtere" 1974
Höllenboer Netherlands "Het Busje Komt Zo" 1995
The Hollies United Kingdom "The Day That Curly Billy Shot Down Crazy Sam McGee" 1973
HopkinMary Hopkin United Kingdom "Goodbye" 1969
HornsbyBruce Hornsby and the Range United States "The Way It Is" 1986
Hot Butter United States "Popcorn" 1972
HoustonWhitney Houston United States "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)" 1987
"I Will Always Love You" 1992–93
"Could I Have This Kiss Forever"
2000
HumphriesLes Humphries Singers Germany "To My Father's House" 1970
HyndeChrissie Hynde United States "I Got You Babe"
1985
Artist Nationality Number-one single Year
Iglesias EnriqueEnrique Iglesias Spain "Could I Have This Kiss Forever"
2000
"Can You Hear Me" 2008
Iglesias JulioJulio Iglesias Spain "Un Canto A Galicia" 1972
"Quiéreme Mucho" 1979
Inner Circle Jamaica "Sweat (A La La La La Long)" 1992
Artist Nationality Number-one single Year
Jackson JanetJanet Jackson United States "What Have You Done for Me Lately" 1986
"Together Again" 1998
Jackson JermaineJermaine Jackson United States "When the Rain Begins to Fall"
1984
Jackson MichaelMichael Jackson United States "One Day in Your Life" 1981
"Beat It" 1983
"Wanna Be Startin' Somethin'"
"I Just Can't Stop Loving You"
1987
"Bad"
"Smooth Criminal" 1988
JaggerMick Jagger United Kingdom "(You Gotta Walk And) Don't Look Back"
1979
"Dancing in the Street"
1985
Jamaï Netherlands "Step Right Up" 2003
JankisGudrun Jankis Orchestra Sweden "Letkis Jenka"
1965
Jay and the Americans United States "Cara Mia" 1980
JeanWyclef Jean Haiti "Hips Don't Lie"
2006
Jeckyll & Hyde Netherlands "Freefall" 2007
JettJoan Jett and the Blackhearts United States "I Love Rock 'n' Roll" 1982
JeugdDe Jeugd van Tegenwoordig Netherlands "Watskeburt?!" 2005
JigulinaVika Jigulina Romania "Stereo Love"
2009
Jim Netherlands "Tell Her" 2003
Jive Bunny and the Mastermixers United Kingdom "Swing the Mood" 1989
JoelBilly Joel United States "Goodnight Saigon" 1983
Johan & de Groothandel Netherlands "As Dick Me Hullep Nodig Heb" 1994
John EltonElton John United Kingdom "Nikita" 1985.51985–86
"Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me"
1992
"Something About the Way You Look Tonight" /
"Candle In the Wind 1997"
1997
"Sorry Seems to Be the Hardest Word"
2003
Johnny & Orquesta Rodrigues Cape Verde "Hey Mal Yo" 1975
JolingGerard Joling Netherlands "Ticket to the Tropics" 1985
"No More Bolero's" 1989
"Blijf Bij Mij (Dit Zijn Voor Mij De Allermooiste Uren)"
2007
JonesTom Jones United Kingdom "Green, Green Grass of Home" 1967
JongeFreek de Jonge Netherlands "Leven Na De Dood"
1997
Jop Netherlands "Jij Bent De Zon" 2000
JordanAlexis Jordan United States "Happiness" 2011
JoséJosé Netherlands "I Will Follow Him" 1982
Artist Nationality Number-one single Year
KaiserRoland Kaiser Germany "Santa Maria" 1980.51980–81
Kamahl Australia "The Elephant Song" 1975
Kane Netherlands "Something to Say" 2005
"Fearless"
"Shot of a Gun" 2008
KantéMory Kanté Guinea "Yé Ké Yé Ké" 1988
Kaoma France "Lambada" 1989
KapotDe Kapotte Kontjes Netherlands "Lauwe Pis"
2007
KC and the Sunshine Band United States "That's the Way (I Like It)" 1975
KCiK-Ci & JoJo United States "All My Life" 1998
KeeleyYvonne Keeley Netherlands "If I Had Words"
1978
Kelly FamilyThe Kelly Family United States "I Can't Help Myself (I Love You, I Want You)" 1996
Kelly RR. Kelly United States "I Believe I Can Fly" 1997
"If I Could Turn Back the Hands of Time" 1999
KentKarin Kent Netherlands "Dans Je De Hele Nacht Met Mij?" 1966
KetchupLas Ketchup Spain "The Ketchup Song (Aserejé)" 2002
KeysAlicia Keys United States "Fallin'" 2001
Kimbra New Zealand "Somebody That I Used to Know"
2011
KingVan B. King Netherlands "Follow the Leader"
1998
KinksThe Kinks United Kingdom "Dedicated Follower of Fashion" 1966
"Sunny Afternoon"
"Waterloo Sunset" 1967
"Lola" 1970
"Lola (live version)" 1981
KipsSharon Kips Netherlands "Heartbreak Away" 2007
Kiss United States "I Was Made for Lovin' You" 1979
KnifeHank the Knife & the Jets Netherlands "Stan the Gunman" 1975
KoekoekBoer Koekoek Netherlands "Den Uyl Is In Den Olie"
1974
KraaijkampJohn Kraaijkamp, Sr. Netherlands "De Bostella"
1967
Krezip Netherlands "I Would Stay" 2000
KroesWolter Kroes Netherlands "Viva Hollandia (EK 2008 version)" 2008

Famous quotes containing the words list of, top 40, list, number-one, dutch and/or top:

    Religious literature has eminent examples, and if we run over our private list of poets, critics, philanthropists and philosophers, we shall find them infected with this dropsy and elephantiasis, which we ought to have tapped.
    Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)

    We fight our way through the massed and leveled collective safe taste of the Top 40, just looking for a little something we can call our own. But when we find it and jam the radio to hear it again it isn’t just ours—it is a link to thousands of others who are sharing it with us. As a matter of a single song this might mean very little; as culture, as a way of life, you can’t beat it.
    Greil Marcus (b. 1945)

    Thirty—the promise of a decade of loneliness, a thinning list of single men to know, a thinning brief-case of enthusiasm, thinning hair.
    F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896–1940)

    I’m your number-one fan.
    William Goldman (b. 1931)

    Paradise endangered: garden snakes and mice are appearing in the shadowy corners of Dutch Old Master paintings.
    Mason Cooley (b. 1927)

    What exacerbates the strain in the working class is the absence of money to pay for services they need, economic insecurity, poor daycare, and lack of dignity and boredom in each partner’s job. What exacerbates it in upper-middle class is the instability of paid help and the enormous demands of the career system in which both partners become willing believers. But the tug between traditional and egalitarian models of marriage runs from top to bottom of the class ladder.
    Arlie Hochschild (20th century)