South America
- 1819 - Gran Colombia (Greater Colombia) is created from New Granada, the Royal Audience of Quito, and former Spanish territories, composed of modern day Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, and Venezuela and other territories.
- 1831 - Gran Colombia is dissolved and the following states are created: the Republic of the New Granada (Colombia), Ecuador, and Venezuela.
- 1836 - 1839 - The War of the Confederation which is fought between the recently formed Peru-Bolivian Confederation versus Chile and its ally Argentina as well as anti-confederate Peruvians. The war ends with Chile winning the war and the re-creation of the separate states of Peru and Bolivia.
- 1899 - 1900 - the breakway state of the Republic of Acre is formed after Acre (state) separates from Bolivia; annexed by Brazil three years later.
- 1903 - Panama separates from Colombia.
Read more about this topic: List Of National Border Changes From 1815 To 1914
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“History in the making is a very uncertain thing. It might be better to wait till the South American republic has got through with its twenty-fifth revolution before reading much about it. When it is over, some one whose business it is, will be sure to give you in a digested form all that it concerns you to know, and save you trouble, confusion, and time. If you will follow this plan, you will be surprised to find how new and fresh your interest in what you read will become.”
—Anna C. Brackett (1836–1911)
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—Rutherford Birchard Hayes (1822–1893)
“Yes, America is gigantic, but a gigantic mistake.”
—Sigmund Freud (1856–1939)