List of Marches - Southwestern Marches

Southwestern Marches

• Spanish March, also named Gothia and Septimania (806-885): Created to protect Frankish heartland from Al-Andalus invasions, merged into Aquitaine.
  • 806-816: Beggo of Paris
  • 820-825: Rampon, Count of Barcelona
  • 826-832: Bernard of Septimania
  • 832-835: Berengar von Toulouse
  • 835-844: Bernard of Septimania
• Upper March (al-Tagr al-A'la al-Andalusi), centered on Zaragoza: created to protect the Emirate of Cordoba from Frankish coastal and east-Pyrenees invasions.
• Middle March (al-Tagr al-Awsat), centered on Toledo and later Medinaceli: created to protect the Emirate of Cordoba from invasions from the west-Pyrenees and Asturias.
• Lower March (al-Tagr al-Adna) or Distant March (al-Tagr al-Aqsa), centered on Mérida: created to protect the Emirate of Cordoba from Asturian incursions.
• Castile, named for the fortifications typical of a march: created to protect the Asturian kingdom from Cordoban invasions. It developed into a county, then a kingdom.
• Provence (905-1105): From 975 it became a family title, the eldest bearing it. It disappeared after the death of Raymond IV of Toulouse.
  • 905-936: Hugh of Italy
  • 936-948: Hugh, Duke of Burgundy
  • 948-975: Conrad of Burgundy
  • 975-993: William I of Provence
  • 993-1005: Rotbold II of Provence
  • 1005-1014: Rotbold III of Provence
  • 1014-1037: William III of Provence
  • 1037-1051: Fulk Bertrand of Provence
  • 1051-1061: Geoffrey I of Provence
  • 1061-1094: William Bertrand of Provence
  • 1094-1105: Raymond IV of Toulouse
• Aquitaine (885-886): Successor to the Spanish March, became a Duchy.
  • Bernard Plantapilosa