Steam Locomotives
The first steam locomotive in China is thought to be a 2'6" gauge 0-4-0T engine used on the Shanghai-Wusong railway. Towards the end of the 19th century concessions obtained from the Qing dynasty enabled foreign powers (Germany, Russia, France and Great Britain) to build railways in China, and they introduced a variety of foreign-built machines. Later Japan gained control over Manchuria as a result of the Treaty of Portsmouth following the Russo-Japanese War and created the South Manchuria Railway from their acquisitions - resulting in Japanese as well as American locomotives being imported into the north-east of China.
After the end of the Second World War China came back under indigenous rule. Locomotive were imported from both the United States and Russia as well as other Communist bloc countries.
Production of steam locomotives continued into the late 20th century; steam motive power was replaced by diesel locomotives, in particular the China Railways DF4, additionally the Chinese rail network has been increasingly electrified.
| Model | Wheel arrangement | Build year | Builder | Number built | Notes | Photo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ET7 | 0-8-0T | ~1960 | Fablok | 90 | Similar to the polish TKP T2D Silesia locomotives, for industrial use, not used on the main network | |
| FD | 2-10-0 | 1930s | Voroshilovgrad | 1034 | Converted to standard gauge (1958-) from Russian FD class locomotives | |
| GJ | 0-6-0T | 1958-61 | Chengdu, Taiyuan | 122 | Designed at Dalian locomotive works, used in industrial lococations, and other shunting duties. | |
| JF | 2-8-2 | |||||
| JF6 | 2-8-2 | |||||
| JS | 2-8-2 | 1957-65, 1981-8 | Dalian works, Qishuyan works, Datong works, Beijing 7th Feb works | 1916 | Built in two tranches, revised version introduced in 1985. Many remain on industrial lines and short lines | |
| KD6 | 2-8-0 | 1942–1946 | American Locomotive Company, Baldwin Locomotive Works, Lima Locomotive Works | Imported USATC S160 Class | ||
| KD7 | 2-8-0 | 1946-1947 | American Locomotive Company, Baldwin Locomotive Works, Lima Locomotive Works | 160 | Built in the USA and supplied to China by UNRRA in 1946. | |
| KF | 4-8-4 | Vulcan Foundry (UK) | ||||
| PL2 | 2-6-2 | |||||
| QJ | 2-10-2 | 1956-88 | mostly Datong | 4708 | Became the primary freight locomotive in China from 1960s to 1980s | |
| RM | 4-6-2 | |||||
| SL | ||||||
| SL6 | 4-6-2 | |||||
| SL7 Pashina |
4-6-2 | Kawasaki / Dalian | Used on the Asia Express train during Japanese control of the South Manchurian Railway, designated "SL7" under Chinese ownership | |||
| SY | 2-8-2 | Many remain on industrial lines and short lines | ||||
| XK2 | 0-6-0T | 1942–1944 | Davenport Locomotive Works, H. K. Porter, Inc, Vulcan Iron Works | 20 | Imported USATC S100 Class | |
| XK13 | 0-6-0T | |||||
| YJ | 2-6-2 | |||||
| Sources: | ||||||
Read more about this topic: List Of Locomotives In China
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