Syria, Iraq, Iran
- The archives and texts at Ebla, ca. 2500 to the destruction of the city ca. 2250 BC, constitute the oldest organized library yet discovered: see Ebla tablets.
- The libraries of Ugarit (in modern Syria), c. 1200 BC, include diplomatic archives, literary works and the earliest privately-owned libraries yet recovered.
- The Library of Ashurbanipal (established 668–627 BC), in Nineveh (near modern Mosul, Iraq), long considered to be the first systematically collected library, was rediscovered in the 19th century. While the library had been destroyed, many fragments of the ancient cuneiform tablets survived, and have been reconstructed. Large portions of the Epic of Gilgamesh were among the many finds.
- Mari Tablets
- Tell Leilan archive
- The Academy of Gundishapur in western Iran, established during the Persian Sassanid Empire in the 3rd through 6th centuries.
- The House of Wisdom, an Abbasid-era library and Arabic translation institute in Baghdad, Iraq. 8th century–1258.
Read more about this topic: List Of Libraries In The Ancient World
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