Medieval
| Heresy | Description | Origin | Official Condemnation | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bogomils | A Gnostic dualistic sect that was both Adoptionist and Manichaean. Their beliefs were a synthesis of Armenian Paulicianism and the Bulgarian Slavonic Church reform movement, | Emerged in Bulgaria between 927 and 970 and spread into Byzantine Empire, Serbia, Bosnia, Italy and France. | ||
| Catharism | Catharism had its roots in the Paulician movement in Armenia and the Bogomils of Bulgaria, with a strong dualist influence against the physical world, regarded as evil, thus denied that Jesus could become incarnate and still be the son of God. | First appeared in the Languedoc region of France in the 11th century and flourished in the 12th and 13th centuries. Catharism had its roots in the Paulician and the Bogomils with whom the Paulicians merged. | Condemned by papal bull Ad abolendam | After several decades of harassment and re-proselytizing, and the systematic destruction of their scripture, the sect was exhausted and could find no more adepts. The last known Cathar prefect in the Languedoc, Guillaume Bélibaste, was executed in 1321. |
| Free Spirit | Mixed mystical beliefs with Christianity. Its practitioners believed that it was possible to reach perfection on earth through a life of austerity and spiritualism. They believed that they could communicate directly with God and did not need the Christian church for intercession. | condemned at the Council of Basel in 1431 | Small groups living mostly in Bohemia, now the Czech Republic, during the 14th and 15th centuries. | |
| Fraticelli (Spiritual Franciscans) | Extreme proponents of the rule of Saint Francis of Assisi, especially with regard to poverty, and regarded the wealth of the Church as scandalous, and that of individual churchmen as invalidating their status. | Appeared in the 14th and 15th centuries, principally in Italy | Declared heretical by the Church in 1296 by Boniface VIII. | |
| Henricians | According to Peter of Cluny, Henry's teaching is summed up as follows:
|
Henry of Lausanne lived in France in the first half of the 12th century. His preaching began around 1116 and he died imprisoned around 1148. | In a letter written at the end of 1146, St Bernard calls upon the people of Toulouse to extirpate the last remnants of the heresy. | In 1151 some Henricians still remained in Languedoc, for Matthew Paris relates that a young girl, who gave herself out to be miraculously inspired by the Virgin Mary, was reputed to have converted a great number of the disciples of Henry of Lausanne. |
| Triclavianism | Belief that three, rather than four nails were used to crucify Christ and that a Roman soldier pierced him with a spear on the left, rather than right side. | Attributed to Albigenses and Waldenses | Supposedly condemned by Pope Innocent III, but most likely never actually considered a heresy by said Pope. | |
| Waldensians (Waldenses or Vaudois) | A spiritual movement of the later Middle Ages | Begun by Peter Waldo, a wealthy merchant who decided to give up all his worldly possessions and began to preach on the streets of Lyon in 1177. | Condemned by papal bull Ad abolendam | Waldensians endured near annihilation in the 17th century. Descendants of this movement still exist. Over time, the denomination joined the Genevan or Reformed branch of Protestantism.--> |
Read more about this topic: List Of Heresies In Catholicism
Famous quotes containing the word medieval:
“The medieval university looked backwards; it professed to be a storehouse of old knowledge.... The modern university looks forward, and is a factory of new knowledge.”
—Thomas Henry Huxley (1825–1895)
“The Christos-image
is most difficult to disentangle
from its art-craft junk-shop
paint-and-plaster medieval jumble
of pain-worship and death-symbol.”
—Hilda Doolittle (1886–1961)
“The medieval town, with frieze
Of boy scouts from Nagoya?”
—John Ashbery (b. 1927)