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- Hermann Oberth: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the Oberth effect.
- August Oetker: Pharmacist. He was the first to sell baking powder in small packets to households instead of bakeries (as others before him) and thus made it the popular product we know today.
- Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936. Frank Whittle had developed a similar concept independently in 1928/1929.
- Wilhelm Ostwald: Numerous discoveries and inventions in chemistry and other areas.
- Nikolaus August Otto: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
Read more about this topic: List Of German Inventors And Discoverers