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- Paul Ehrlich: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
- Albert Einstein: Father of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
- Ludwig Elsbett: Developed new concepts for Diesel engines which drastically enhanced efficiency.
- Douglas Engelbart: German American inventor of the computer mouse.
- Evaristo Conrado Engelberg: Inventor in 1885 of a machine used to remove the husks from rice and coffee, the Engelberg huller.
- Friedrich Engels: He invented together with Karl Marx the economic and sociopolitical worldview Marxism.
- Hugo Erdmann: Chemist who discovered, together with his doctoral advisor Jacob Volhard, the Volhard-Erdmann cyclization. In 1898 he was the first who coined the term noble gas (the original noun is Edelgas in German).
Read more about this topic: List Of German Inventors And Discoverers