Farthest Clusters
| Galaxy cluster | Distance | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
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| Galaxy cluster | Date | Redshift (z) | Recession Velocity (km/s) |
Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CL J1449+0856 (ClG J1449+0856) |
2011 − | 2.07 | ||
| JKCS 041 | 2009 − 2011 | 1.9 | ||
| XMMXCS 2215-1738 (XMMXCS 2215.9-1738) | 2006 − 2009 | 1.45 | XMM-XCS 2215-1738 was also the most massive early cluster so far discovered. | |
| ISCS J143809+341419 | 2005 − 2006 | 1.41 | ||
| XMMU J2235.3-2557 | 2005 | 1.393 | ||
| RDCS 0848+4453 ( RDCS0848.6+4453, RX J0848+4453, ClG 0848+4453 ) | 1997 − | 1.276 | ClG 0848+4453 forms a double-cluster supercluster with RDCS J0849+4452 | |
| galaxy cluster around 3C 324 (3C 234 Cluster) | 1984 − | 1.206 | At the time, the BCG, 3C324 was the most distant non-quasar galaxy. | |
| Cl 1409+524 | 1960 − 1975 | 0.461 | The measurement of 3C295's redshift in 1960 also defined its cluster's position. 3C 295 was also the most distant galaxy of the time. | |
| Abell 732 (fainter Hydra Cluster Cl 0855+0321) | 1951 − 1960 | 0.2 | 61 000 | Attempts at measuring the redshift of the brightest cluster galaxy of this Hydra Cluster had been attempted for years before it had been successfully achieved. The BCG was also the most distant galaxy of the time. |
| Abell 1930 (Bootes Cluster) | 1936 − 1951 | 0.13 | 39 000 | The BCG of this cluster was also the most distant galaxy of the time. |
| Gemini Cluster (Abell 568) | 1932 − 1936 | 0.075 | 23 000 | The BCG of this cluster was the most distant galaxy at the time. |
| WH Christie's Leo Cluster | 1931 − 1932 | 19 700 | The BCG of this cluster was the most distant galaxy known at the time. | |
| Baede's Ursa Major Cluster | 1930 − 1931 | 11 700 | The BCG of this cluster was the highest redshift galaxy of the time. | |
| Coma Cluster | 1929 − 1930 | 0.026 | 7 800 | This cluster's distance was determined by one of the NGC objects lying in it, NGC4860. |
| Pegasus Group (LGG 473, NGC 7619 Group) | 1929 | 0.012 | 3 779 | The BCG for this group was used to measure its redshift. Shortly after this was publicized, it was accepted that redshifts were an acceptable measure of inferred distance. |
| Cetus Group (Holmberg 45, LGG 27) | 1921 − 1929 | 0.006 | 1 800 | NGC 584 (Dreyer 584) was measured for the redshift to this galaxy group. |
| Virgo Cluster | 1784 − 1921 | 59 Mly (18 Mpc) z=0.003 |
1 200 | This was the first noted cluster of "nebulae" that would become galaxies. The first redshifts to galaxies in the cluster were measured in the 1910s. Galaxies were not identified as such until the 1920s. The distance to the Virgo Cluster would have to wait until the 1930s. |
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- In 2003 RDCS 1252-29 (RDCS1252.9–2927) at z=1.237, was found to be the most distant rich cluster, which lasted until 2005.
- In 2000, a cluster was announced in the field of quasar QSO 1213-0017 at z=1.31 (the quasar lies at z=2.69)
- In 1999, cluster RDCS J0849+4452 (RX J0849+4452, RXJ0848.9+4452) was found at z=1.261
- In 1995 and 2001, the cluster around 3C 294 was announced, at z=1.786
- In 1992, observations of the field of cluster Cl 0939+4713 found what appears to be a background cluster near a quasar, also in the background. The quasar was measured at z=2.055 and it was assumed that the cluster would be as well.
- In 1975, 3C 123 and its galaxy cluster was incorrectly determined to lie at z=0.637 (actually z=0.218)
- In 1958, cluster Cl 0024+1654 and Cl 1447+2619 were estimated to have redshifts of z=0.29 and z=0.35 respectively. However, they were not spectroscopically determined.
Read more about this topic: List Of Galaxy Clusters
Famous quotes containing the word clusters:
“What wondrous life in this I lead!
Ripe apples drop about my head;
The luscious clusters of the vine
Upon my mouth do crush their wine;
The nectarine and curious peach
Into my hands themselves do reach;
Stumbling on melons, as I pass,
Ensnared with flowers, I fall on grass.”
—Andrew Marvell (1621–1678)