List of Female Scientists Before The 21st Century - Antiquity

Antiquity

  • Agamede (12th century BCE), (possibly mythical) physician in Ancient Greece
  • Aglaonike (2nd century BCE), the first woman astronomer in Ancient Greece
  • Agnodike (4th century BCE), the first woman physician to practice legally in Athens
  • Arete of Cyrene (5th–4th centuries BCE), natural and moral philosopher, North Africa
  • Artemisia of Caria (c. 300 BCE), botanist
  • Aspasia of Miletus (4th century BCE), philosopher and scientist
  • Cleopatra the Alchemist - identity is unclear, but her book, The Chrysopoeia of Cleopatra, is first recorded as existing in the 2nd century A.D./C.E. in Alexandria.
  • Diotima of Mantinea (4th century BCE), philosopher and scientist, ancient Greece (sources vary as to her historicity; possibly a fictionalized character based on Aspasia of Miletus)
  • Enheduanna (c. 2285–2250 BCE), Sumerian/Akkadian astronomer and poet
  • Hypatia of Alexandria (370–415), mathematician and astronomer, Egypt
  • Lastheneia of Mantinea, (5th century BCE), one of Plato's only female students
  • Mary the Jewess (1st or 2nd century CE), alchemist
  • Merit Ptah (c. 2700 BCE), Egyptian physician
  • Pythias of Assos (4th century BCE), marine zoologist
  • Tapputi-Belatekallim ( first mentioned in a clay tablet dating to 2000 BCE), Babylonian perfumer, the first person in history recorded as using a chemical process
  • Theano (6th century BCE), philosopher, mathematician and physician

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Famous quotes containing the word antiquity:

    “When we dream about those who are long since forgotten or dead, it is a sign that we have undergone a radical transformation and that the ground on which we live has been completely dug up: then the dead rise up, and our antiquity becomes modernity.”
    —Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900)

    “This seems a long while ago, and yet it happened since Milton wrote his Paradise Lost. But its antiquity is not the less great for that, for we do not regulate our historical time by the English standard, nor did the English by the Roman, nor the Roman by the Greek.... From this September afternoon, and from between these now cultivated shores, those times seemed more remote than the dark ages.”
    —Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)

    “How do you know antiquity was foolish? How do you know the present is wise? Who made it foolish? Who made it wise?”
    —François Rabelais (1494–1553)