Spain
- Abula → Ávila
- Acci → Guadix
- Aurariola → Orihuela
- Augusta Emerita → Mérida
- Azaña → Numancia de la Sagra (1936, by enemies of Manuel Azaña).
- Barcino → Barcino Nova → Barcelona
- Basti → Baza
- Bayona de Tajuña → Titulcia (since the owner did not want to remind Ferdinand VII of Spain of his captivity at Bayonne).
- Brigantium → Caronium → Corunna → La Coruña → A Coruña
- Colonia Caecilia Metellinum → Medellín
- Colonia Iulia Romula → Hispalis → Isbilia → Seville (Sevilla)
- Colonia Norba Caesarina → Norba → Cáceres
- Colonia Patricia → Corduba → Qurtuba → Córdoba
- Complutum → Alcalá de Henares
- Dertosa → Tortosa
- Dianinum → Daniyya → Denia → Dénia
- Egara → Tarrasa → Terrassa
- El Ferrol → El Ferrol del Caudillo → Ferrol
- Fuenterrabía → Hondarribia
- Gadir → Gades → Cádiz
- Gasteiz → Nueva Victoria → Vitoria-Gasteiz
- Guernica → Guernica y Luno → Gernika-Lumo
- Guecho → Getxo
- Gerunda → Gerona → Girona
- Ilerda → Lérida → Lleida
- Illice → Elche/Elx
- Legio → León
- Lejona → Leioa
- Lucentum → Laquant → Alicante/Alacant
- Lucus Augusti → Lugo
- Mainake → Malaca → Málaga
- Mahón → Maó
- Onuba → Huelva
- Pompaelo → Pamplona
- Qart Hadast → Carthago Nova → Cartagena
- Quintanilla → Quintanilla de Onésimo
- Saguntum → Murviedro/Morvedre → Sagunto/Sagunt
- Salduba → Caesaraugusta → Saraqusta → Zaragoza
- Sos → Sos del Rey Católico
- Helmantica → Salamantica → Salamanca
- Tarraco → Tarraco nova → Tarragona
- Toletum → Tulaytula → Toledo
- Valentia → Balansiyya → Valencia/València
- Villa Real → Ciudad Real
- Xera → Ceret → Xerez → Xerez de la Frontera → Jerez de la Frontera
Read more about this topic: List Of City Name Changes
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