List of Atheists (miscellaneous) - Social Sciences

Social Sciences

• Scott Atran (1952–): American anthropologist.
• Raymond Cattell (1905–1998): British and American psychologist, known for his exploration of many areas in psychology.
• Herbert de Souza (1935–1997): Brazilian sociologist and activist against economic injustice and government corruption in Brazil, and founder of the Brazilian Institute of Social Analysis and Economics (IBASE).
• Émile Durkheim (1858–1917): French sociologist whose contributions were instrumental in the formation of sociology and anthropology.
• Norman Finkelstein (1953–): American political scientist and author, specialising in Jewish-related issues, especially the Holocaust and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
• Sir Raymond Firth CNZM, FBA (1901–2002): New Zealand ethnologist, considered to have singlehandedly created a form of British economic anthropology.
• Irving Fisher (1867–1947): was an American economist, inventor, and social campaigner. He was one of the earliest American neoclassical economists, though his later work on debt deflation has been embraced by the Post-Keynesian school. Fisher made important contributions to utility theory and general equilibrium. He was also a pioneer in the rigorous study of intertemporal choice in markets, which led him to develop a theory of capital and interest rates. His research on the quantity theory of money inaugurated the school of macroeconomic thought known as "monetarism." Some concepts named after Fisher include the Fisher equation, the Fisher hypothesis, the International Fisher effect, and the Fisher separation theorem.
• Michel Foucault (1926–1984): French philosopher, historian, critic and sociologist.
• Albert Ellis (1913–2007): American psychologist who in 1955 developed Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT).
• Hans Eysenck (1916–1997): German-British psychologist who spent most of his career in Britain, best remembered for his work on intelligence and personality, though he worked in a wide range of areas. At the time of his death, Eysenck was the living psychologist most frequently cited in science journals.
• G. Stanley Hall (1844–1924): American psychologist and educator. His interests focused on childhood development and evolutionary theory. Hall was the first president of the American Psychological Association and the first president of Clark University.
• John Harsanyi (1920–2000): Hungarian-Australian-American economist and Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences winner.
• Thor Heyerdahl (1914–2002): Norwegian ethnographer and adventurer, famous for his Kon-Tiki expedition.
• Mayer Hillman (1931–): British political scientist, architect and town planner, a Senior Fellow Emeritus at the Policy Studies Institute.
• Ernest Jones (1879–1958): British neurologist and psychoanalyst, and Sigmund Freud’s official biographer.
• Herman Kahn (1922–1983): American futurist, military strategist and systems theorist. He was known for analyzing the likely consequences of nuclear war and recommending ways to improve survivability; a notoriety that made him an inspiration for the title character of Stanley Kubrick's classic black comedy film satire, Dr. Strangelove.
• Baruch Kimmerling (1939–2007): Romanian-born professor of sociology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
• Kemal Kirişci (19??–): Turkish political scientist, professor at the Department of Political Science and International Relations at Boğaziçi University, Istanbul.
• Melanie Klein (1882–1960): Austrian-born British psychoanalyst who devised novel therapeutic techniques for children that had an impact on child psychology and contemporary psychoanalysis. She was a leading innovator in theorizing object relations theory.
• Frank Knight (1885–1972): American economist who spent most of his career at the University of Chicago, where he became one of the founders of the Chicago school.
• Jacques Lacan (1901–1981): French psychoanalyst and psychiatrist who made prominent contributions to psychoanalysis and philosophy, and has been called "the most controversial psycho-analyst since Freud".
• Steven Landsburg (1954–): American economist.
• Peter Lawrence (1921–1987): British-born Australian anthropologist, pioneer in the study of Melanesian religions noted for his work on cargo cults.
• Sir Edmund Leach (1910–1989): British social anthropologist, a Fellow of the British Academy.
• James H. Leuba (1868–1946): American psychologist, one of the leading figures of the early phase of the American psychology of religion movement.
• Cesare Lombroso (1835–1909): Italian criminologist, physician and founder of the Italian School of Positivist Criminology.
• Paolo Mantegazza (1831–1910): Italian neurologist, physiologist and anthropologist, noted for his experimental investigation of coca leaves into its effects on the human psyche.
• Abraham Maslow (1908–1970): American psychologist. He was a professor of psychology at Brandeis University, Brooklyn College, New School for Social Research and Columbia University who created Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
• Franz Leopold Neumann (1900–1954): German political scientist, known for theoretical analyses of National Socialism, and considered among the founders of modern political science in Germany.
• Will Provine : American historian of science and of evolutionary biology and population genetics.
• Alfred Radcliffe-Brown (1881–1955): English social anthropologist who developed the theory of Structural functionalism.
• Wilhelm Reich (1897–1957): Austrian psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, known as one of the most radical figures in the history of psychiatry.
• Carl Rogers (1902–1987): American psychologist and among the founders of the humanistic approach to psychology. Rogers is widely considered to be one of the founding fathers of psychotherapy research and was honored for his pioneering research with the Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions by the American Psychological Association in 1956.
• Murray Rothbard (1926–1995): American economist, historian and political theorist. He was a prominent exponent of the Austrian School of economics who helped to define capitalist libertarianism, and he popularized a form of free-market anarchism which he termed "anarcho-capitalism."
• Boris Sidis (1867–1923): Ukrainian psychologist, physician, psychiatrist, and philosopher of education.
• Herbert A. Simon (1916–2001): American political scientist and economist, one of the most influential social scientists of the 20th century.
• B. F. Skinner (1904–1990): American psychologist, behaviorist, author, inventor, social philosopher and poet.
• Robert Spitzer (19??–): American psychiatrist, Professor of Psychiatry at Columbia University, a major architect of the modern classification of mental disorders.
• Claude Lévi-Strauss (1908–2009): French anthropologist and ethnologist, and has been called, along with James George Frazer, the "father of modern anthropology".
• Laurie Taylor (1936–): British sociologist and radio presenter.
• Georges Vacher de Lapouge (1854–1936): French anthropologist and eugenicist.
• John B. Watson (1878–1958): American psychologist who established the psychological school of behaviorism.
• Knut Wicksell (1851–1926): Swedish economist of the Stockholm school. His economic contributions would influence both the Keynesian and Austrian schools of economic thought.