1900s
- 1898, 1899, 1906, 1907 Prince Albert I's Arctic Exploration with Princesse Alice
- 1900–03 Russian ship Zarya
- 1901–02 First North Pole expedition financed by US industrialist William Ziegler, led by Evelyn Baldwin
- 1902–04 The Literary Expedition led by Ludvig Mylius-Erichsen together with Knud Rasmussen explores the Northwest Greenland coast between Uumanaq and Thule
- 1903–06 Amundsen's ''Gjøa'' Expedition when Roald Amundsen traversed the Northwest Passage for the first time
- 1903–05 Ziegler Polar Expedition overland, led by Anthony Fiala
- 1905–06 North Pole expedition led by Robert Peary, from Ellesmere Island
- 1906–08 The Danmark Expedition led by Ludvig Mylius-Erichsen reaches Nordostrundingen, but ends fatally
- 1906, 1907, 1909 The airship America and Walter Wellman
- 1906–08 Anglo-American Polar Expedition (Mikkelsen-Leffingwell Expedition)
- 1907–09 US North Pole expedition led by Frederick Cook
- 1909–12 The Alabama Expedition to Northeast Greenland led by Ejnar Mikkelsen in an operation to recover bodies and logs of the fatal Danmark expedition
- 1908–09 expedition led by Robert Peary
- 1910–15 Russian Arctic Ocean Hydrographic Expedition in Taymyr and Vaigach
- 1912 First Thule Expedition – Knud Rasmussen and Peter Freuchen explores North Greenland
- 1912–13 J.P. Koch crosses the inland ice in North Greenland
- 1912–15 Brusilov Expedition, ill-fated expedition led by Captain Georgy Brusilov
- 1913 Crocker Land Expedition
- 1913–14 Russian expedition aboard Foka, led by Georgiy Sedov
- 1913–18 Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-1916 led by Vilhjalmur Stefansson, initially in the Karluk
- 1916–18 Second Thule Expedition – Knud Rasmussen and Peter Freuchen explores North Greenland and establishes that Peary Land is not an island
- 1918–25 Roald Amundsen traversed the Northeast Passage with Maud
- 1919 Third Thule Expedition – Knud Rasmussen explores North Greenland and lays out depots for Roald Amundsen's polar drift in Maud
- 1919–20 Fourth Thule Expedition – Knud Rasmussen explores East Greenland
- 1921–23 Bicentenary Jubilee Expedition (commemorating Hans Egede's landing in Greenland) led by Lauge Koch explores North Greenland
- 1921–24 Fifth Thule Expedition led by Knud Rasmussen crossed the Northwest Passage on dog sledges from Thule across Arctic Canada to Nome, Alaska demonstrates how inuit culture could spread rapidly
- 1925 Flying boat expedition led by Roald Amundsen and Lincoln Ellsworth
- 1926 Aircraft flight by Richard E. Byrd and Floyd Bennett
- 1926 The airship Norge (Roald Amundsen, Umberto Nobile and Lincoln Ellsworth)
- 1928 Eielson-Wilkins Arctic Ocean crossing (powered flight Alaska-Spitsbergen)
- 1928 The airship Italia (Umberto Nobile)
- 1930 Bratvaag Expedition to Franz Josef Land, found long lost remains of S. A. Andrée's expedition.
- 1931 Sir Hubert Wilkins with submarine Nautilus (failed 800 km south of the pole).
- 1931 Sixth Thule Expedition led by Knud Rasmussen explores Northeast Greenland
- 1931–34 The Three-year Expedition to East Greenland led by Lauge Koch explores Northeast Greenland
- 1932 Icebreaker Sibiryakov
- 1933 Russian steamship Chelyuskin
- 1937 Soviet transpolar flights
- 1937–1938 MacGregor Arctic Expedition
- 1938–present Soviet and Russian manned drifting ice stations
- 1948 Russian scientific expedition led by Aleksandr Kuznetsov lands aircraft at Pole
- 1958 USS Nautilus passes under the Arctic ice
- 1959 Discoverer 1 first satellite in polar orbit. (Prototype; no camera.)
- 1960 Tiros 1 weather satellite in polar orbit; eventually returned 22952 cloud cover photos
- 1968 Ralph Plaisted and three others reach the north pole by snowmobile.
- 1968–69 Wally Herbert, British explorer, reaches Pole on foot and traverses the polar sea
- 1977 Arktika, nuclear-powered icebreaker, reaches the North Pole
- 1982 Sir Ranulph Fiennes and Charles Burton cross the Arctic Ocean in a single season.
- 1986 Will Steger and party reach the north pole by dogsled without resupply.
- 1988 Will Steger completes first south-north traverse of Greenland.
- 1988 Ski-Trek a joint Soviet-Canadian transpolar expedition aided by satellites.
- 1992 Scientific environmental expedition; crossing of the Greenland inland ice by Japanese expedition led by Kenji Yoshikawa (from east to west)
- 1994 Shane Lundgren led expedition began in Moscow and proceeded north of the Arctic Circle across Siberia to Magadan.
- 1995 Smithsonian Institution's Arctic Studies Center joined Shane Lundgren in a flying expedition to chronicle indigenous people from Yakutsk to Alaska across the Bering Straits. Discovery Online was launched through this expedition.
Read more about this topic: List Of Arctic Expeditions