List Of Animals Of The Rocky Mountains
The ecology of the Rocky Mountains is diverse, due to the effects of a variety of environmental factors. The Rocky Mountains are the major mountain range in western North America, running from the far north of British Columbia in Canada to New Mexico in the southwestern United States, climbing from the Great Plains at or below 1,800 feet (550 m) to peaks of over 14,000 feet (4,300 m). Temperature and rainfall varies greatly also and thus the Rockies are home to a mixture of habitats including the alpine, subalpine and boreal habitats of the Northern Rocky Mountains in British Columbia and Alberta, the coniferous forests of Montana and Idaho, the wetlands and prairie where the Rockies meet the plains, a different mix of conifers on the Yellowstone Plateau in Wyoming and in the high Rockies of Colorado and New Mexico, and finally the alpine tundra of the highest elevations.
These habitats are home to a great deal of wildife from large grazing mammals such as the large herds of elk, moose and mule, smaller mountain goats and bighorn sheep, predators like black bear, grizzly bear, wolves, and coyote along with a great variety of small mammals, fish, reptiles and amphibians, hundreds of bird species, and tens of thousands of species of terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates and soil organisms.
Permanent human settlement of the Rocky Mountains has caused numerous species to go into decline, including species of trout, birds, and sheep. Gray wolves and grizzly bears have been completely eliminated from the United States portion of the range, but are returning due to conservation measures.
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—Qur’An. “The Tiding,” 78:6-16, trans. by Arthur J. Arberry (1955)