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- Denis Papin - French physicist, mathematician and inventor, best known for his work with steam power (Jesuit school in Blois)
- Parokya ni Edgar - Filipino rock band (Ateneo High School)
- Alexander Payne - American film writer-director (Creighton Preparatory School, Omaha, Nebraska)
- Denis Pétau - also known as Petavius, French Jesuit theologian
- Francis Petre - New Zealand-born architect based in Dunedin (Mount St Mary's College near Sheffield)
- Jean Picard - French astronomer and priest (Jesuit College of La Flèche)
- Donald Pinkel - American medical doctor, founding medical director and CEO of St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (Canisius High School and Canisius College)
- Pius XI - Pope (Gregorian University, Rome)
- Pius XII - Pope (Gregorian University, Rome)
- Paul VI - Pope (Gregorian University, Rome)
- Joe Paterno - American football coach (Brooklyn Prep)
- Aquilino Pimentel, Jr. - Filipino senator (Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan)
- Joseph Mary Plunkett - Irish signatory of the Irish Proclamation of Independence who played a leading part in the Easter Rising, for which he was executed(Stonyhurst College)
- Amy Poehler - American actress and comedienne (Boston College)
- Alexius Sylvius Polonus - Polish Jesuit astronomer and maker of astronomical instruments (Jesuit College in Kalisz)
- John E. Potter - U.S. Postmaster General and CEO of the U.S. Postal Service (Fordham University)
- Peter Pronovost - Critical care physician, 2008 Time 100 and MacArthur Fellow (Fairfield University)
Read more about this topic: List Of Alumni Of Jesuit Educational Institutions