Constant Pressure Heat Rejection (3-1)
The final stage (3-1) involves a constant pressure heat rejection back to the original state. From the first law of thermodynamics we find: .
From the definition of work:, we recover the following for the heat rejected during this process: .
As a result, we can determine the heat rejected as follows: 
from the definition of constant pressure specific heats for an ideal gas: 
.
The overall efficiency of the cycle is determined by the total work over the heat input, which for a Lenoir cycle equals 
. Note that we gain work during the expansion process but lose some during the heat rejection process.
Read more about this topic: Lenoir Cycle
Famous quotes containing the words constant, pressure, heat and/or rejection:
“There exists a black kingdom which the eyes of man avoid because its landscape fails signally to flatter them. This darkness, which he imagines he can dispense with in describing the light, is error with its unknown characteristics.... Error is certainty’s constant companion. Error is the corollary of evidence. And anything said about truth may equally well be said about error: the delusion will be no greater.”
—Louis Aragon (1897–1982)
“This is a catastrophic universe, always; and subject to sudden reversals, upheavals, changes, cataclysms, with joy never anything but the song of substance under pressure forced into new forms and shapes.”
—Doris Lessing (b. 1919)
“Why does man freeze to death trying to reach the North Pole? Why does man drive himself to suffer the steam and heat of the Amazon? Why does he stagger his mind with the mathematics of the sky? Once the question mark has arisen in the human brain the answer must be found, if it takes a hundred years. A thousand years.”
—Walter Reisch (1903–1963)
“The crime of book purging is that it involves a rejection of the word. For the word is never absolute truth, but only man’s frail and human effort to approach the truth. To reject the word is to reject the human search.”
—Max Lerner (b. 1902)