- A
- Piet Aalberse, politician
- Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd, theologian
- John Quincy Adams, 6th President of the United States of America
- Princess Aimée of Orange-Nassau, van Vollenhoven-Söhngen, royalty
- Nebahat Albayrak, politician
- Johannes Alberti, theologian
- Bernhard Siegfried Albinus, anatomist
- Alexander, Prince of Orange, royalty
- Princess Anita of Orange-Nassau, van Vollenhoven-van Eijk, royalty
- Ayaan Hirsi Ali, activist
- Jacobus Arminius, theologian
- Tobias Asser, Nobel laureate (Peace 1911)
- B
- Caspar Barlaeus, theologian
- Johann Bartsch, physician
- Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands, Queen of the Netherlands
- Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck, Prime Minister of the Netherlands 1918-25, 1929–33
- Coenraad van Beuningen, diplomat
- Kune Biezeveld, theologian
- Nicolaas Bloembergen, Nobel laureate (Physics 1981)
- Herman Boerhaave, physician
- Bart Bok, astronomer
- Frits Bolkestein, Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands 2005-6
- Gerardus Johannes Petrus Josephus Bolland, philosopher
- Ben Bot, politician
- Alexander Boswell, judge
- Rolf Bremmer, academic
- Laurens Jan Brinkhorst, politician
- Thomas Browne, writer
- Sebald Justinus Brugmans, botanist
- Armin van Buuren, musician
- Ian Buruma, writer
- Kofi Abrefa Busia, Prime Minister of Ghana 1969-72
- Ditmir Bushati, Albanian politician
- John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 1762-63
- Paulus Buys, Grand Pensionary of Holland 1572-84
- C
- Archibald Cameron, Jacobite physician
- Hendrik Casimir, physicist
- Carolus Clusius, botanist
- Jacques Cohen, embryologist
- Job Cohen, politician
- Prince Constantijn of the Netherlands, royalty
- Jan Kappeyne van de Coppello, Prime Minister of the Netherlands 1877-79
- Pieter de la Court, economist
- Ludolph van Ceulen, mathematician
- Jodocus Crull, miscellaneous writer
- Petrus Cunaeus, academic
- D
- René Descartes, philosopher
- Nicolaas Diederichs, President of South Africa 1975-78
- Edsger W. Dijkstra, computer scientist
- Volkert Doeksen, CEO of AlpInvest Partners
- Ana Dolidze, lawyer
- Adriaen van der Donck, lawyer
- Janus Dousa, statesman
- Johannes van den Driesche, theologian
- Thomas von der Dunk, historian
- E
- Paul Ehrenfest, physicist
- Willem Einthoven, Nobel laureate (Medicine 1924)
- Albert Einstein, Nobel laureate (Physics 1921)
- Simon Episcopius, theologian
- Paul Sophus Epstein, physicist
- Thomas van Erpe, orientalist
- F
- Enrico Fermi, Nobel laureate (Physics 1938)
- Henry Fielding, English novelist
- Paul Fleming, German poet
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- Prince Floris of Orange-Nassau, van Vollenhoven, royalty
- John Lauder, Lord Fountainhall, jurist
- Prince Frederick of the Netherlands, royalty
- Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg, royalty
- G
- Richard D. Gill, tenured professor of mathematical statistics
- Thomas Girdlestone, physician
- Michiel Jan de Goeje, orientalist
- Franciscus Gomarus, theologian
- Johann Georg Graevius, academic
- Jacobus Gronovius, academic
- Hugo Grotius, jurist
- Lemuel Gulliver, protagonist of 'Gulliver's Travels'
- H
- Geertruida de Haas-Lorentz, physicist
- Melanie Schultz van Haegen, politician
- Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX, Vice President of Indonesia 1973-78
- Jan Hamer, chemist
- Mohammad Hatta, Prime Minister of Indonesia 1948-50
- David Hartley (the Younger), politician
- Erik Hazelhoff Roelfzema, RAF pilot and Dutch spy
- Daniel Heinsius, scholar
- Touraj Atabaki, academic
- Tiberius Hemsterhuis, philologist
- Paul Hermann, botanist and physician
- Gerrit Jan van Heuven Goedhart, Nobel laureate (Peace 1954)
- Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Nobel laureate (Chemistry 1901)
- Gijsbert Karel van Hogendorp, Prime Minister of the Netherlands 1813-14
- Jaap de Hoop Scheffer, 11th Secretary-General of NATO
- Johannes Hudde, politician and mathematician
- Johan Huizinga, historian
- Christiaan Huygens, mathematician and physicist
- Constantijn Huygens, Jr., statesman
- J
- Maarten Jansen, academic
- Queen Juliana of the Netherlands, royalty
- K
- Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, Nobel laureate (Physics 1913)
- Egbert van Kampen, mathematician
- Johan Hendrik Caspar Kern, linguist
- Pieter Kooijmans, judge of the International Court of Justice
- Ton Koopman, conductor
- Tjalling Charles Koopmans, Nobel laureate (Economics 1975)
- Hendrik Anthony Kramers, physicist
- Abraham Kuijper, Prime Minister of the Netherlands 1901-05
- L
- Lousewies van der Laan, politician
- Jona Lendering, historian
- Hendrik Lenstra, mathematician
- Justus Lipsius, philologist and humanist
- Hendrik Antoon Lorentz, Nobel laureate (Physics 1902)
- Joseph Luns, 5th Secretary-General of NATO
- M
- Peter Mair, political scientist
- Princess Margriet of the Netherlands, royalty
- Eric Mazur, physicist
- Richard Mead, physician
- Victor Muller, CEO of the car companies Spyker Cars and Saab Automobile AB
- Pieter van Musschenbroek, scientist
- N
- William Frederick, Prince of Nassau-Dietz, royalty
- O
- Jan Hendrik Oort, astronomer
- Ivo Opstelten, politician
- P
- Peter Simon Pallas, zoologist
- Thomas Parker, Puritan minister and scholar
- Perizonius, scholar
- Nicolaas Gerard Pierson, Prime Minister of the Netherlands 1897-1901
- Theodoor Gautier Thomas Pigeaud, academic
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- Archibald Pitcairne, physician
- Ronald Plasterk, scientist and politician
- Prijono, politician
- R
- Hans Ras, academic
- Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt, botanist
- Rembrandt van Rijn, painter
- Caspar Reuvens, archaeologist
- John Robinson, pastor of the Pilgrim Fathers
- Wil Roebroeks, archaeologist
- Olaus Rudbeck, scientist and former rector of Uppsala University
- David Ruhnken, scholar
- Mark Rutte, Prime Minister of the Netherlands
- S
- Martinus Theunis Steyn, South African lawyer, statesman, sixth president of the Orange Free State
- Joseph Justus Scaliger, theologian and scholar
- Henry G. Schermers, jurist
- Edith Schippers, politician
- Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck, Grand Pensionary of Holland 1805-6
- Gerard Schouw, politician
- William Sherard, botanist
- Boudewijn Sirks, academic
- Willem de Sitter, physicist
- Jan Six, politician
- Willebrord Snell, astronomer
- Rudolph Snellius, mathematician and linguist
- Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje, orientalist
- Achmad Soebardjo, diplomat
- Soenario, politician
- Soetan Sjahrir, Prime Minister of Indonesia 1945-7
- Myles Standish, military leader
- Jan Steen, painter
- Pieter Steyn, Grand Pensionary of Holland 1749-72
- Max van der Stoel, politician
- Bram van der Stok, aviator
- Dirk Jan Struik, mathematician
- Franciscus Sylvius, physician and scientist
- Albert Szent-Györgyi, Nobel laureate (Medicine 1937)
- T
- Morris Tabaksblat, former CEO of Unilever
- Igor Tamm, Nobel laureate (Physics 1958)
- Johan Rudolf Thorbecke, Prime Minister of the Netherlands 1871-72
- Jan Tinbergen, Nobel laureate (Economics 1969)
- Nikolaas Tinbergen, Nobel laureate (Medicine 1973)
- Nicolaes Tulp, surgeon and politician
- U
- Christianus Cornelius Uhlenbeck, linguist and anthropologist
- V
- Ronald Venetiaan, 6th and 8th President of Suriname
- Maxime Verhagen, Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands
- Paul Verhoeven, film Director
- Gerard Verschuuren, geneticist
- Gisbertus Voetius, theologian
- Cornelis van Vollenhoven, academic
- Pieter van Vollenhoven, royalty
- Gerhard Johann Vossius, theologian
- Gijs de Vries, politician
- Jouke de Vries, academic
- W
- Johannes Diderik van der Waals, Nobel laureate (Physics 1910)
- Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands 1890-1948
- John Wilkes, politician
- William I, Prince of Orange, royalty
- Willem-Alexander, Prince of Orange, heir to the Dutch throne
- Hendrik de Wit, botanist
- Johan de Witt, Grand Pensionary of Holland 1653-72
- Z
- Pieter Zeeman, Nobel laureate (Physics 1902)
- Tim de Zeeuw, astronomer
- Petrus Josephus Zoetmulder, academic
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