Languages By Speakers
| Language | Number (millions) | Year surveyed | Main areas where spoken |
|---|---|---|---|
| Indonesian/Malay | 210 | 2010 | throughout Indonesia |
| Javanese | 84.3 | 2000 (census) | Northern Banten, Northern West Java, Yogyakarta, Central Java and East Java |
| Sundanese | 34.0 | 2000 (census) | West Java, Banten |
| Madurese | 13.6 | 2000 (census) | Madura Island (East Java) |
| Minangkabau | 5.5 | 2007 | West Sumatra |
| Musi (Palembang Malay) | 3.9 | 2000 (census) | South Sumatra |
| Bugis | 3.5 | 1991 | South Sulawesi |
| Banjarese | 3.5 | 2000 (census) | South Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan |
| Acehnese | 3.5 | 2000 (census) | Aceh |
| Balinese | 3.3 | 2000 (census) | Bali Island and Lombok Island |
| Betawi | 2.7 | 1993 | Jakarta |
| Sasak | 2.1 | 1989 | Lombok Island (West Nusa Tenggara) |
| Batak Toba | 2.0 | 1991 | North Sumatra |
| Makassarese | 1.6 | 1989 | South Sulawesi |
| Batak Dairi | 1.2 | 1991 | North Sumatra |
| Batak Simalungun | 1.2 | 2000 (census) | North Sumatra |
| Batak Mandailing | 1.1 | 2000 (census) | North Sumatra |
| Jambi Malay | 1.0 | 2000 (census) | Jambi |
| Mongondow | 0.9 | 1989 | North Sulawesi |
| Gorontalo | 0.9 | 1989 | Gorontalo (province) |
| Ngaju Dayak | 0.9 | 2003 | Southern Kalimantan |
| Lampung Api | 0.8 | 2000 (census) | Lampung |
| Nias | 0.8 | 2000 (census) | Nias Island, North Sumatra |
| Batak Angkola | 0.7 | 1991 | North Sumatra |
| North Moluccan Malay | 0.7 | 2001 | North Maluku |
| Chinese (Hokkien and Teochew) | 0.7 | 1982 | Northern Sumatra, Riau Islands and West Kalimantan |
| Chinese (Hakka) | 0.6 | 1982 | Bangka Belitung, Riau Islands and West Kalimantan |
| Batak Karo | 0.6 | 1991 | North Sumatra |
| Uab Meto | 0.6 | 1997 | West Timor (East Nusa Tenggara) |
| Bima | 0.5 | 1989 | Sumbawa Island (West Nusa Tenggara) |
| Manggarai | 0.5 | 1989 | Flores Island (East Nusa Tenggara) |
| Toraja-Sa’dan | 0.5 | 1990 | South Sulawesi, West Sulawesi |
| Komering | 0.5 | 2000 (census) | South Sumatra |
| Tetum | 0.4 | 2004 | West Timor (East Nusa Tenggara) |
| Rejang | 0.4 | 2000 (census) | Bengkulu |
| Muna | 0.3 | 1989 | Southeast Sulawesi |
| Basa Semawa | 0.3 | 1989 | Sumbawa Island (West Nusa Tenggara) |
| Bangka | 0.3 | 2000 (census) | Bangka Island (Bangka Belitung) |
| Osing | 0.3 | 2000 (census) | East Java |
| Gayo | 0.3 | 2000 (census) | Aceh |
| Tolaki | 0.3 | 1991 | Southeast Sulawesi |
| Lewotobi language | 0.3 | 2000 | Flores Island (East Nusa Tenggara) |
| Tae’ | 0.3 | 1992 | South Sulawesi |
| Ambonese Malay | 0.2 | 1987 | Maluku |
Read more about this topic: Languages Of Indonesia
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“The most striking aspect of linguistic competence is what we may call the ‘creativity of language,’ that is, the speaker’s ability to produce new sentences, sentences that are immediately understood by other speakers although they bear no physical resemblance to sentences which are ‘familiar.’”
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