Kronecker Integral
The Kronecker delta is also called degree of mapping of one surface into another. Suppose a mapping takes place from surface to that are boundaries of regions, and which is simply connected with one-to-one correspondence. In this framework, if s and t are parameters for, and to are each oriented by the outer normal n:
while the normal has the direction of:
Let x=x(u,v,w),y=y(u,v,w),z=z(u,v,w) be defined and smooth in a domain containing, and let these equations define the mapping of into . Then the degree of mapping is times the solid angle of the image S of with respect to the interior point of, O. If O is the origin of the region, then the degree, is given by the integral:
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