Kowa may refer to:
- Kōwa (Heian period) (康和), a Japanese era name for years spanning 1099 to 1103
- Kōwa (Muromachi period) (弘和), a Japanese era name for years spanning 1381 through 1383
- Kōwa, Japanese pronunciation for ancient Chinese emperors' era names
- 光和, era name of Emperor Ling of Han from 178-184
- 興和, era name of Emperor Xiaojing of Eastern Wei from 539-542
- Kōwa Station (河和駅?), a train station in Mihama, Aichi, Japan
- Mount Kowa, Pacaraima Mountains, Guyana
- Companies:
- Kowa Co. (興和株式会社, Kōwa Kabushiki Gaisha?), a Japanese optical/medical equipment and pharmaceutical manufacturer. (Subsidiaries: Kowa Spinning Co., Maruei, and Radio-i)