Arabic
The Arabic script is still the official alphabet for Kazakhs in the People's Republic of China. It was first introduced to the territory of Kazakhstan in the eleventh century, and was traditionally used to write Kazakh until the introduction of a Latin alphabet in 1927. In 1924, Kazakh intellectual Akhmet Baitursynov attempted to reform the Arabic script to better suit Kazakh. The letters چ، پ، ڭ، گ، ۆ are used to represent sounds not found in the Arabic language.
The Kazakh Arabic alphabet contains 29 letters and one digit, the 'upper hamza' used at the beginnings of words to create soft vowels throughout the word. The direction the alphabet is written in is right to left.
Read more about this topic: Kazakh Alphabet