Juncus - Characteristics

Characteristics

Juncus rushes are characterized by their nude leaves, which are either thin and more or less flattened or round and containing spongy pith. They grow as tussocks or more isolated stalks, bearing inflorescences near the tip. Many species are exceptionally hardy and some are considered weeds in gardening; a few are invasive weeds of significance. On the other hand, there is some use of rushes as ornamental plants, e.g. at garden ponds; more generally their tolerance of extreme environmental conditions (except drought) means that some species or another is likely suitable for ornamental purposes even where few other plants grow. Additionally, Juncus species are used as food plants by the larvae of certain Lepidoptera species.

See also: List of Lepidoptera that feed on Juncus

Historically and in some regions still today, there is artisanal use of the leaves. Probably most widely known is the Soft Rush (Juncus effusus), called igusa in Japanese and used to weave the soft surface cover of tatami mats.