Geography
Junagadh is located at 21°31′N 70°28′E / 21.52°N 70.47°E / 21.52; 70.47. It has an average elevation of 107 metres (351 ft).
Junagadh is situated at the foot of Mount Girnar. Junagadh has Arabian sea to its southwest, Porbandar to its north and Amreli to its east. Junagadh city is divided in to number of areas Main city is clustered around M.G. Road and Kalwa Chowk. Other areas are Gandhigram, Zanzarda Road, Talaw Darwaza, Bus-stand, Sakkar Baug, Timbawadi, Joshipara and Girnar Taleti. These areas comes under the administration of Junagadh Municipal Corporation.
Junagadh city has two rivers namesd Sonrakh and Kalwo. However Kalwo is facing major pollution problem because city sewers. Junagadh city has many lakes named Narsinh Mehta Sarovar, Damodarji, Sudarshan Lake etc. There are man made dams around Junagadh named Willingdon dam, Hasnapur Dam, Anandpur Weir. These are the main water sources for the city. Apart from that ground water supply is very widely available in the city so wells are scattered all across the city.
Junagadh city has pretty much similar soil as whole Junagadh district. It is Deep- Medium black coastal alluvium. It is because proximity of sea and long shore line and also because of the Girnar mountain ridge. Because of many fault lines in proximity Junagadh is in seismically active zone. Junagadh lies in Seismic Zone III region which means earthquake up to magnitude 6.5 on the Richter-scale may be expected.
Climate
The diverse Junagadh weather is influenced by the semi arid conditions of the region. The Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Cambay are also influential factors affecting the climate and weather of Junagadh. Junagadh faces adverse climatic conditions in the summer months with the temperature ranging from 28° Celsius to 38° Celsius. In the winter months, the temperature ranges from 10° Celsius to 25° Celsius. The city is drained by the south-west monsoon from June to September. It records a rainfall of 1000 to 1200 mm annually. Various factors such as its close proximity to the sea influence the weather of Junagadh. The latent winds from the sea affect the climatic conditions in the region. HIghest rainfall in a calendar year was recorded back in 1983 and it was 2800 mm.
Annual average of weather parameter during 2008
| Total rainfall (rainy days) | 1690.7 mm (71) |
| Maximum temperature | 44.5 'C (21/05/2010) |
| Minimum temperature | 7.4 'C (11/12/2010) |
| Wind speed (km/hrs) | 5.6 kmph |
| Evaporation (mm) | 5.5 mm |
| Bright sunshine (hrs) | 6.8 hr/day |
| Onset of monsoon | 3 June 2008 |
| Withdrawal of monsoon | 13 September 2008 |
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