John Gilmour may refer to:
- Sir John Gilmour of Craigmillar (1605–1671), Lord President of the Court of Session 1661–1671
- Sir John Gilmour, 1st Baronet (1845–1920), Scottish Unionist politician
- Sir John Gilmour, 2nd Baronet (1876–1940), Scottish Unionist politician, Home Secretary, Secretary of State for Scotland
- Sir John Gilmour, 3rd Baronet (1912–2007), Scottish Conservative Party politician, Member of Parliament for East Fife 1961–1979