January 16, 1909 (Saturday)
Edgeworth David, Douglas Mawson and Alistair Mackay became the first persons to reach the South Magnetic Pole—or rather, it reached them. The three geologists had arrived at a spot at 72°42' S the day before, and had determined with a magnetic dip compass that the dip was only 15 feet (4.6 m) from vertical. As described by Stonehouse, "There, they calculated that within 24 hours the shifting pole would come to them." The Union Jack was planted at the spot and the explorers made their way back to the ship Nimrod.
- Born: Ethel Merman, American singer and actress, as Ethel Zimmerman in Queens, New York (d. 1984)
Read more about this topic: January 1909