Functionalist Approaches
The functional theory of David Mitrany is the oldest institutional theory of IR. Mitrany suggested that slim ‘functional agencies’ should organize the needs of cooperation among even conflicting states. The neofunctionalism and the communitarian method of Jean Monnet advocated the principle of supranationality: international bodies superordinated to the nation states should administer the common interests. The functionalist approaches have been often criticized to be idealistic and normative in their positive view on international institutions
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“Perfect happiness I believe was never intended by the deity to be the lot of any one of his creatures in this world; but that he has very much put in our power the nearness of our approaches to it, is what I steadfastly believe.”
—Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826)