Inhomogeneous Electromagnetic Wave Equation - Covariant Form of The Inhomogeneous Wave Equation

Covariant Form of The Inhomogeneous Wave Equation

See also: Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism

The relativistic Maxwell's equations can be written in covariant form as

where J is the four-current

,

is the 4-gradient and the electromagnetic four-potential is

with the Lorenz gauge condition

.

Here

is the d'Alembert operator.

Read more about this topic:  Inhomogeneous Electromagnetic Wave Equation

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