| Sri Lankan Civil War (1983–2009) |
| Background |
|---|
| Sri Lanka · History of Sri Lanka |
| Origins of the Civil War |
| Origins of the Civil War · Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism · Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism · Riots · Black July |
| Main phases |
| Eelam War I · Indian intervention · Eelam War II · Eelam War III · Eelam War IV |
| LTTE |
| LTTE (Divisions) · Black Tigers · Attacks · Expulsion of Muslims · Suicide bombings |
| Military of Sri Lanka |
| Military · Civilian attacks · Army · Navy · Air Force · Police · Home Guards · LRRP · STF |
| Major leaders |
| M. Rajapaksa · V. Prabhakaran · C. Kumaratunga · A. Balasingham · J. R. Jayewardene · D.Kobbekaduwa · S.Fonseka · Karuna |
| Indian involvement |
| Operation Poomalai · Indo-Sri Lanka Accord · Indian Peace Keeping Force · Operation Pawan · Rajiv Gandhi · RAW |
| Militant & paramilitary groups |
| Tamil militant groups (List) · ENDLF · ENLF · EPDP · EPRLF · EROS · PLOTE · TELO · TMVP |
| Other |
| Battles · Casualties · War crimes · LLRC · State terror · Human rights · Disappearances · Child soldiers · Assassinations · Protests (Canada) |
Sri Lanka, from the early 1980s, was facing increasingly violent ethnic strife in the Sri Lankan Civil War. The origins of the Sri Lankan Civil War can be traced to the independence of Sri Lanka in 1948, after the end of British rule. At the time, a Sinhalese majority government was instituted. This government, which included the Tamil Congress, passed legislation deemed discriminatory by some against the immigrant Indian Tamil minority in Sri Lanka.
In the 1970s, two major Tamil parties, the Tamil Congress and a split-off, the Federal Party united to form the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF), a separatist Tamil nationalist group that agitated for a separate state of Tamil Eelam in north and eastern Sri Lanka that would grant the Tamils greater autonomy within the federal structure.
However, the Sixth Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka, enacted in August 1983, classified all separatist movements as unconstitutional, Outside the TULF, Tamil factions advocating more militant courses of action soon emerged, and the ethnic divisions eventually led to violent civil war.
Read more about this topic: Indian Peace Keeping Force
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