Human Brain Mapping - Specific Systems

Specific Systems

• Cortical stimulation mapping
• Diffusion MRI (dMRI) - includes diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion functional MRI (DfMRI). dMRI is a recent breakthrough in brain mapping allowing the visualization of cross connections between different anatomical parts of the brain. It allows noninvasive imaging of white matter fiber structure and in addition to mapping can be useful in clinical observations of abnormalities, including damage from stroke.
• Electroencephalography (EEG) Uses electrodes on the scalp and other techniques to detect the electrical flow of currents.
• Electrocorticography intracranial EEG, the practice of using electrodes placed directly on the exposed surface of the brain to record electrical activity from the cerebral cortex.
• Electrophysiological techniques for clinical diagnosis
• Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
• Medical image computing (brain research of leads medical and surgical uses of mapping technology)
• Neurostimulation (in research stimulation is frequently used in conjunction with imaging)
• Positron Emission Tomography a nuclear medical imaging technique that produces a three-dimensional image or picture of functional processes in the body. The system detects pairs of gamma rays emitted indirectly by a positron-emitting radionuclide (tracer), which is introduced into the body on a biologically active molecule. Three-dimensional images of tracer concentration within the body are then constructed by computer analysis. In modern scanners, three dimensional imaging is often accomplished with the aid of a CT X-ray scan performed on the patient during the same session, in the same machine.