The Postwar Period
Albeit the big seafaring nations enlarged the postwar marine research, especially the USA strongly reengaged, other expeditions of two smaller countries were vitally important. The Swedish "Albatross" expedition of 1947/48 crossed eighteen times the equator and covered 45,000 nautical miles (83,000 km). Over 200 cores, fastened on a perpendicular, were dragged 1.5 km over the seabed. The Danish "Galathea" expedition from 1950 to 1951 under Bruun concentrated on studies about the living conditions in great depth and succeeded in catching fish in a depth of 10,190 meters (3,106 m). Already in the 1930s, American scientist began to use seismic measuring methods in flat waters and during the war, physicist Maurice Ewing carried the first seismic refraction measurements out. The introduction of this geophysical method as well as the simultaneously beginning palaeomagnetic researches (studying the Earth's magnetic field preserved in magnetic iron bearing minerals) led to a reinvigoration of Alfred Wegener's continental drift theory and subsequent development of plate tectonics.
After the Second World War, the number of missions escalated worldwide as one can read in the Newsletters of Cooperative Investigations of the Mediterranean from Monaco. For the period from 1950 to 1960, 110 expeditions are displayed for the Mediterranean area.
Read more about this topic: History Of Research Ships
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