Time Cycles in India
The time cycles in India are:
- 60-year cycle
- Year
- 6 seasons of a year
- about 60 days (2 months) in a season
- Month (lunar)
- 2 pakshas in a month, shukla (waxing) and krishna (waning)
- 15 tithis in a paksha (1-14, 15th is purnima or amavasya)
- 60 ghatikas (or 30 muhurtas or 8 praharas) in a 24-hour period (ahoratra).
- 30 Kala (approx) in 1 muhurta
- 30 Kastha in 1 kala
- 15 Nimisha in 1 kastha
Years are synchronized with the solar sidereal year by adding a month every four years. The extra month is termed as "Adhik Mass" (extra month). This extra month is called Mala Masa (impure month) in Eastern India.
Read more about this topic: Hindu Calendar
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